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Synthesis, computational studies and enzyme inhibitory kinetics of benzothiazole-linked thioureas as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors. 2021

Rabail Ujan, and Aamer Saeed, and Saba Ashraf, and Pervaiz Ali Channar, and Qamar Abbas, and Mahboob Ali Rind, and Mubashir Hassan, and Hussain Raza, and Sung-Yum Seo, and Hesham R El-Seedi
Dr. M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan.

Herein, we report synthesis of a set of benzothiazole-thiourea hybrids with aromatic and aliphatic side chains (BT1 to BT9) using an elegant synthetic strategy. The newly synthesized benzothiazole-thiourea conjugates were subjected to In-vitro tyrosinase inhibition and free radical scavenging activity. Majority of the compounds indicated inhibition considerably improved than the standard; compound (Kojic acid with IC50 = 16.8320 ± 1.1600 µM) BT2 with IC50 = 1.3431 ± 0.0254 µM was found to be the best inhibitor. A non-competitive mode of inhibition of BT2 was disclosed with Ki value of 2.8 µM. In order to study enzyme-inhibitor interactions SAR analysis molecular docking was carried out. The amino groups of thiourea were involved in hydrogen bonding with Glu322 showing the bond length of 1.74 and 2.70 Å, respectively. Moreover, the coupling of π-π was displayed between benzothiazole and benzene rings of His244 and His263, respectively. The outcome of this study might help to develop new inhibitors of melanogenesis, important for cosmetic and food products. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D004791 Enzyme Inhibitors Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D000363 Agaricales An extensive order of basidiomycetous fungi whose fruiting bodies are commonly called mushrooms. Agaricaceae,Mushrooms,Agaricale,Mushroom
D013329 Structure-Activity Relationship The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups. Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D013890 Thiourea A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.
D014442 Monophenol Monooxygenase An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between L-tyrosine, L-dopa, and oxygen to yield L-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as CATECHOL OXIDASE. EC 1.14.18.1. Dopa Oxidase,Phenoloxidase,Tyrosinase,Cresolase,Phenol Oxidase,Phenoloxidase A,Phenoloxidase B,Monooxygenase, Monophenol,Oxidase, Dopa,Oxidase, Phenol
D015394 Molecular Structure The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds. Structure, Molecular,Molecular Structures,Structures, Molecular
D052160 Benzothiazoles Compounds with a benzene ring fused to a thiazole ring.
D062105 Molecular Docking Simulation A computer simulation technique that is used to model the interaction between two molecules. Typically the docking simulation measures the interactions of a small molecule or ligand with a part of a larger molecule such as a protein. Molecular Docking,Molecular Docking Simulations,Molecular Docking Analysis,Analysis, Molecular Docking,Docking Analysis, Molecular,Docking Simulation, Molecular,Docking, Molecular,Molecular Docking Analyses,Molecular Dockings,Simulation, Molecular Docking

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