Neuropsychological outcome in cases with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. 2020

Seda Kanmaz, and Sezen Köse, and Cenk Eraslan, and Erdem Şimşek, and Hepsen Mine Serin, and Sanem Yılmaz, and Gül Aktan, and Hasan Tekgül, and Hatice Serpil Erermiş, and Sarenur Gökben
Division of Child Neurology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated, inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. There have been a few studies in recent years on the fact that these cases have neurocognitive impairment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the neurocognitive outcome and quality of life in cases with ADEM. Eleven cases who were on follow-up between 2008 and 2017 were included in the study, systemic, neurological and psychiatric examinations were done. All magnetic resonance images were re-evaluated. The neuropsychiatric evaluation was performed by clinical examination and psychometric scales; (1) The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0, (2) Child Behavior Checklist, (3) Children`s Depression Inventory, (4) The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised and (5) Continuous Performance Test. The cases in our study underwent neuropsychiatric evaluation 3-42 months after the diagnosis of ADEM had been established. Nine cases (81.8%) fully recovered without neurologic deficit. One case (9.1%) had a psychiatric disorder. During follow-up, cognitive and psychiatric problems were encountered in half of the cases (54.5%). Most of the cases with basal ganglia involvement (80%) displayed attention deficit and cognitive problems. In particular, cases with basal ganglia involvement should be followed carefully in terms of attention and cognitive problems.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008279 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques. Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D011788 Quality of Life A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral, social environment as well as health and disease. HRQOL,Health-Related Quality Of Life,Life Quality,Health Related Quality Of Life
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D004673 Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated An acute or subacute inflammatory process of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM characterized histologically by multiple foci of perivascular demyelination. Symptom onset usually occurs several days after an acute viral infection or immunization, but it may coincide with the onset of infection or rarely no antecedent event can be identified. Clinical manifestations include CONFUSION, somnolence, FEVER, nuchal rigidity, and involuntary movements. The illness may progress to COMA and eventually be fatal. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p921) Encephalitis, Post-Vaccinal,Post-Vaccinal Encephalomyelitis,Postinfectious Encephalomyelitis,Vaccination Encephalitis,Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis,Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Acute,Encephalitis, Postvaccinal,Encephalitis, Vaccination,Encephalomyelitis, Postexanthem,Encephalomyelitis, Postinfectious,Post-Vaccinal Encephalitis,Postexanthem Encephalomyelitis,Postvaccinal Encephalitis,Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitides,Encephalitis, Post Vaccinal,Encephalomyelitis, Post-Vaccinal,Post Vaccinal Encephalitis,Post Vaccinal Encephalomyelitis,Post-Vaccinal Encephalitides,Post-Vaccinal Encephalomyelitides
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001289 Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V) ADHD,Attention Deficit Disorder,Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,Brain Dysfunction, Minimal,Hyperkinetic Syndrome,Minimal Brain Dysfunction,ADDH,Attention Deficit Disorders with Hyperactivity,Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders,Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder,Attention Deficit Disorders,Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorders,Deficit Disorder, Attention,Deficit Disorders, Attention,Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder, Attention,Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorders, Attention,Disorder, Attention Deficit,Disorder, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity,Disorders, Attention Deficit,Disorders, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity,Dysfunction, Minimal Brain,Syndromes, Hyperkinetic

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