Biomaterial Database

Destruction of coliforms in water and sewage water by dye-sensitized photooxidation. 1977

A J Acher, and B J Juven

A new approach to disinfection of water and sewage water, by oxidative destruction of microorganisms by photosensitization, is described. Samples of water and sewage water, to which an inoculum of fecal Escherichia coli had been added, were exposed to solar radiation in the presence of a dye sensitizer, under continuous aeration. The effects of the sensitizer methylene blue at concentrations of 0 to 10 mg/liter, different radiation times from 0 to 2 h, and sunlight intensities of 0, 68, and 2,030 muE/m2 per s were investigated. In laboratory-scale experiments, 1.3 X 10(9) coliforms in 100 ml of oxidation pond municipal sewage water containing 0.5 mg of methylene blue were destroyed in about 30 min. Similar results were obtained with nonchlorinated potable water. These results demonstrate the possibilities available for the disinfection of water and sewage water by this method.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008751	Methylene Blue	A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.	Methylthionine Chloride,Swiss Blue,Basic Blue 9,Chromosmon,Methylene Blue N,Methylthioninium Chloride,Urolene Blue,Blue 9, Basic,Blue N, Methylene,Blue, Methylene,Blue, Swiss,Blue, Urolene
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D004203	Disinfection	Rendering pathogens harmless through the use of heat, antiseptics, antibacterial agents, etc.
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D000388	Air	The mixture of gases present in the earth's atmosphere consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases.
D012395	Rose Bengal	A bright bluish pink compound that has been used as a dye, biological stain, and diagnostic aid.	Rose Bengal Sodium I 125,Rose Bengal Sodium I 131,Bengal, Rose
D012722	Sewage	Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers.	Sludge,Sludge Flocs
D013472	Sunlight	Irradiation directly from the sun.	Sunshine
D014867	Water	A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Hydrogen Oxide
D014871	Water Microbiology	The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.	Microbiology, Water