Biomaterial Database

Human antibodies to group A streptococcal carbohydrate. Ontogeny, subclass restriction, and clonal diversity. 1988

P G Shackelford, and S J Nelson, and A T Palma, and M H Nahm

Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.

To investigate immuno-incompetence to polysaccharide Ag in young children, antibodies to the polysaccharide and protein Ag of Streptococcus pyogenes were studied. S. pyogenes was chosen because it commonly causes natural infections and has well-characterized polysaccharide and protein Ag. In children over the age of 2 yr it was found that the maturation of antibody responses to the polysaccharide Ag of S. pyogenes (A-CHO) appeared to occur in parallel with, or even earlier, than the responses to streptococcal protein Ag. When antibodies to group A carbohydrate (A-CHO) were studied in detail, qualitative differences between the antibodies of children and adults were demonstrated. Although anti-A-CHO antibodies of adults were strikingly restricted to the IgG2 subclass, those of children were found in both the IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses. In addition, the clonal diversity of IgG antibodies to A-CHO increased with age, and additional clonotypes were detectable in convalescent sera of some subjects of all ages after infection. Two cases with major additional clonotypes after group A streptococcal infection were studied in detail. In these two cases the additional clonotypes belonged to a different IgG subclass than the previously dominant clonotypes, and the expression of the additional major clonotypes occurred in both IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007074	Immunoglobulin G	The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.	Gamma Globulin, 7S,IgG,IgG Antibody,Allerglobuline,IgG(T),IgG1,IgG2,IgG2A,IgG2B,IgG3,IgG4,Immunoglobulin GT,Polyglobin,7S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgG,GT, Immunoglobulin
D007132	Immunoglobulin Isotypes	The classes of immunoglobulins found in any species of animal. In man there are nine classes that migrate in five different groups in electrophoresis; they each consist of two light and two heavy protein chains, and each group has distinguishing structural and functional properties.	Antibody Class,Ig Isotype,Ig Isotypes,Immunoglobulin Class,Immunoglobulin Isotype,Antibody Classes,Immunoglobulin Classes,Class, Antibody,Class, Immunoglobulin,Classes, Antibody,Classes, Immunoglobulin,Isotype, Ig,Isotype, Immunoglobulin,Isotypes, Ig,Isotypes, Immunoglobulin
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D011135	Polysaccharides, Bacterial	Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.	Bacterial Polysaccharides
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D000367	Age Factors	Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.	Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age