Comparative Evaluation and Quantitative Analysis of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Indicators. 2020

Anchi T Scott, and Tiffany R Layne, and Killian C O'Connell, and Nathan A Tanner, and James P Landers
Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as a diagnostic tool is rapidly gaining recognition and maturity. Among various advantages over traditional polymerase chain reaction, the ability to visually detect amplification by the incorporation of colorimetric indicators is one of its most unique features. There is an overwhelming variety of LAMP indicators in the literature, yet a comprehensive comparative study is lacking. This study evaluates the use of hydroxynaphthol blue, phenol red, calcein, leuco crystal violet, malachite green, and a fluorescent dye for visual detection. A method for objective quantitative analysis using ImageJ is described that is readily implemented in standard and microfluidic workflows. The work here also includes the largest inter-reader variability study involving 24 participants to evaluate these indicators. We found inaccuracies in visual assessment as bias and/or individual-based perception can exist, solidifying the need for objective analysis. There was not a "universal" indicator, although considerations in sample preparation, storage, and applicability are discussed in length.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007202 Indicators and Reagents Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499) Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D009282 Naphthalenesulfonates A class of organic compounds that contains a naphthalene moiety linked to a sulfonic acid salt or ester.
D010637 Phenolsulfonphthalein Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems. Phenol Red,Sulfonphthal,Sulphental,Sulphonthal
D003124 Colorimetry Any technique by which an unknown color is evaluated in terms of standard colors. The technique may be visual, photoelectric, or indirect by means of spectrophotometry. It is used in chemistry and physics. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
D005452 Fluoresceins A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. Tetraiodofluorescein
D005456 Fluorescent Dyes Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags. Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic
D005840 Gentian Violet A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties. Crystal Violet,Methyl Violet,Methylrosaniline Chloride,C.I. 42555,Gentiaanviolet FNA,Hexamethylpararosaniline Chloride,Kristallviolett-Lösung,Vigencial,Chloride, Hexamethylpararosaniline,Chloride, Methylrosaniline,FNA, Gentiaanviolet,Kristallviolett Lösung,Violet, Crystal,Violet, Gentian,Violet, Methyl
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012394 Rosaniline Dyes Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS. Fuchsins,Magentas,Fuchsin,Triphenylmethane Aniline Compounds,Aniline Compounds, Triphenylmethane,Compounds, Triphenylmethane Aniline,Dyes, Rosaniline
D056656 Lab-On-A-Chip Devices Microdevices that combine microfluidics technology with electrical and/or mechanical functions for analyzing very small fluid volumes. They consist of microchannels etched into substrates made of silicon, glass, or polymer using processes similar to photolithography. The test fluids in the channels can then interact with different elements such as electrodes, photodetectors, chemical sensors, pumps, and valves. Microchip Analytical Devices,Microfluidic Devices,Microfluidic Lab-On-A-Chip,Microfluidic Microchips,Nanochip Analytical Devices,Analytical Device, Microchip,Analytical Device, Nanochip,Analytical Devices, Microchip,Analytical Devices, Nanochip,Device, Lab-On-A-Chip,Device, Microchip Analytical,Device, Microfluidic,Device, Nanochip Analytical,Devices, Lab-On-A-Chip,Devices, Microchip Analytical,Devices, Microfluidic,Devices, Nanochip Analytical,Lab On A Chip Devices,Lab-On-A-Chip Device,Lab-On-A-Chip, Microfluidic,Lab-On-A-Chips, Microfluidic,Microchip Analytical Device,Microchip, Microfluidic,Microchips, Microfluidic,Microfluidic Device,Microfluidic Lab On A Chip,Microfluidic Lab-On-A-Chips,Microfluidic Microchip,Nanochip Analytical Device

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