The objectives of this study were to investigate the outcome differences between ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort follow-up study of consecutive patients with STEMI (surgery ≤48 hours of admission; n = 348) or NSTEMI (n = 1,160) revascularized with first-time isolated CABG in Finland using nationwide registries (median age 68 years, 24% women). The short- and long-term (10-year) outcomes were studied with inverse propensity probability weight adjustment for baseline features. The median follow-up was 5.2 years. In-hospital mortality (11.4% vs 5.3%; adj. odds ratio [OR] 2.27; confidence interval [CI] 1.41 to 3.66; p = 0.001) and re-sternotomy rates (6.9% vs 3.5%; adj. OR 2.07; CI 1.22 to 3.51; p = 0.007) were higher in STEMI patients. Long-term all-cause mortality did not differ between STEMI and NSTEMI patients among all operated patients (30.2% vs 28.3%; adj. HR 1.30; CI 0.97 to 1.75; p = 0.080) or hospital survivors (21.6 vs 24.3%; HR 0.93; CI 0.64 to 1.36; p = 0.713). Occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular event in hospital survivors within 10 years was 34.7% in STEMI versus 29.6% in NSTEMI (adj. HR 1.24; CI 0.88 to 1.76; p = 0.220). Occurrences of cardiovascular death (14.6% vs 14.4%; p = 0.773), myocardial infarction (MI; 15.2% vs 10.3%; p = 0.203), and stroke (10.8% vs 14.8%; p = 0.242) were also comparable. In conclusion, patients with STEMI have poorer short-term outcome compared to NSTEMI patients after revascularization by CABG, but the long-term outcomes are comparable regardless of MI type. Thus, both short- and long-term risks should be considered when evaluating patient´s for CABG eligibility by MI type.