Identification of the first erm(B)-positive Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli associated with novel multidrug resistance genomic islands in Australia. 2020

Rhiannon L Wallace, and Dieter Bulach, and Mary Valcanis, and Benjamin G Polkinghorne, and Nevada Pingault, and Anastasia Stylianopoulos, and Rodney C Givney, and Kathryn Glass, and Martyn D Kirka
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

This report describes the first identification of two Campylobacter isolates harbouring erm(B) in Australia. Two erm(B)-positive isolates, Campylobacter coli 18V1065H1 and Campylobacter jejuni 19W1001H1, were isolated from diarrhoeal faecal samples from two travellers who had recently returned from Southeast Asia. Isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing using an Illumina NextSeq system and were analysed with the Nullarbor pipeline. Antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using AMRFinderPlus and sequence types (STs) were determined by multilocus sequence typing and the PubMLST Campylobacter jejuni/coli typing scheme. Besideserm(B), C. jejuni 19W1001H1 possessed six other resistance genes [aad9, aadE, aph(3')-Illa, blaOXA-185, catA13 and tet(O)], the gyrA T86I mutation and the RE-CmeABC multidrug efflux pump variant. Campylobacter coli 18V1065H1 also possessed six resistance genes [aad9, aadE, aph(3')-IIIa, blaOXA-61, sat4 and tet(O)] in addition to erm(B); however, this isolate lacked genetic evidence for resistance to fluoroquinolones (no gyrA mutation). The erm(B) locus differed between isolates and neither was identical to previously identified erm(B) multidrug resistance genomic island (MDRGI) types. Both erm(B)-bearing isolates belonged to novel sequence types: ST9967 (C. jejuni 19W1001H1) and ST10161 (C. coli 18V1065H1). This study detected the presence oferm(B) in Campylobacter for the first time in Australia. This novel mechanism of macrolide resistance is a major concern both for human and animal health and warrants close surveillance as macrolides are often the drug of choice for treating campylobacteriosis. The erm(B) gene is associated with several MDRGIs and dissemination of this resistance mechanism will likely limit treatment options for Campylobacter infections.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000900 Anti-Bacterial Agents Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA. Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D001315 Australia The smallest continent and an independent country, comprising six states and two territories. Its capital is Canberra. Canton and Enderbury Islands,Christmas Island,Christmas Island (Australia)
D016123 Campylobacter jejuni A species of bacteria that resemble small tightly coiled spirals. Its organisms are known to cause abortion in sheep and fever and enteritis in man and may be associated with enteric diseases of calves, lambs, and other animals. Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni,Vibrio hepaticus,Vibrio jejuni
D017000 Campylobacter coli A species of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria isolated from the intestinal tract of swine, poultry, and man. It may be pathogenic. Vibrio coli
D044404 Genomic Islands Distinct units in some bacterial, bacteriophage or plasmid GENOMES that are types of MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS. Encoded in them are a variety of fitness conferring genes, such as VIRULENCE FACTORS (in "pathogenicity islands or islets"), ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE genes, or genes required for SYMBIOSIS (in "symbiosis islands or islets"). They range in size from 10 - 500 kilobases, and their GC CONTENT and CODON usage differ from the rest of the genome. They typically contain an INTEGRASE gene, although in some cases this gene has been deleted resulting in "anchored genomic islands". Pathogenicity Islands,Anchored Genomic Islands,Genomic Islets,Pathogenicity Islets,Symbiosis Islands,Symbiosis Islets,Anchored Genomic Island,Genomic Island,Genomic Island, Anchored,Genomic Islands, Anchored,Genomic Islet,Island, Anchored Genomic,Island, Genomic,Island, Pathogenicity,Island, Symbiosis,Islands, Anchored Genomic,Islands, Genomic,Islands, Pathogenicity,Islands, Symbiosis,Islet, Genomic,Islet, Pathogenicity,Islet, Symbiosis,Islets, Genomic,Islets, Pathogenicity,Islets, Symbiosis,Pathogenicity Island,Pathogenicity Islet,Symbiosis Island,Symbiosis Islet
D018432 Drug Resistance, Multiple Simultaneous resistance to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs. Drug Resistance, Extensively,Extensively Drug Resistance,Extensively-Drug Resistance,Multidrug Resistance,Multi-Drug Resistance,Extensively Drug Resistances,Extensively-Drug Resistances,Multiple Drug Resistance,Resistance, Extensively Drug,Resistance, Extensively-Drug,Resistance, Multiple Drug
D018942 Macrolides A group of often glycosylated macrocyclic compounds formed by chain extension of multiple PROPIONATES cyclized into a large (typically 12, 14, or 16)-membered lactone. Macrolides belong to the POLYKETIDES class of natural products, and many members exhibit ANTIBIOTIC properties. Macrolide
D024881 Drug Resistance, Bacterial The ability of bacteria to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). Antibiotic Resistance, Bacterial,Antibacterial Drug Resistance

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