Biomaterial Database

Pruritus in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis. 2020

Mianwang He, and Lei Wu, and Dehui Huang, and Vicky Yau, and Shengyuan Yu

Chinese PLA Medical College, 28# Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Neurology Department, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28# Fuxing Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

OBJECTIVE Differential diagnosis between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) at early stage remains challenging at present. Pruritus is reported as a common or specific feature in NMOSD with serum aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibodies (AQP4-IgG). We aim to verify whether pruritus can help in distinguishing NMOSD from MS. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of consecutive cases of NMOSD and MS patients, demographic data, clinical features, whether or not had pruritus, serum AQP4-IgG status and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. RESULTS 21.0% (22/105) of NMOSD patients and 2.1% (2/96) of MS patients reported pruritus during disease course (p < 0.01). 20.5% (18/88) of AQP4-IgG positive and 23.5% (4/17) of AQP4-IgG negative NMOSD patients reported pruritus during disease course (p = 0.775). 12.4% (13/105) of NMOSD and 1.0% (1/96) of MS patients reported pruritus at the first attack episode of disease (p < 0.01). 20.0% (21/105) of NMOSD and 1.0% (1/96) of MS patients reported pruritus at the first and second attack episodes of disease (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Pruritus is a common and relatively specific feature in either AQP4-IgG positive or negative NMOSD. Pruritus occurs more frequently in NMOSD than MS, which may help in distinguishing NMOSD from MS, especially at early stage.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009103	Multiple Sclerosis	An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)	MS (Multiple Sclerosis),Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating,Sclerosis, Disseminated,Disseminated Sclerosis,Sclerosis, Multiple
D009471	Neuromyelitis Optica	A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS; MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4.	Devic Disease,Devic's Neuromyelitis Optica,Devic Neuromyelitis Optica,Devic Syndrome,Devic's Disease,Devic's Syndrome,NMO Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Spectrum Disorders,Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders,Devic Neuromyelitis Opticas,Devics Disease,Devics Neuromyelitis Optica,Devics Syndrome,Disease, Devic,Disease, Devic's,NMO Spectrum Disorders,Neuromyelitis Optica, Devic,Neuromyelitis Optica, Devic's,Neuromyelitis Opticas, Devic,Syndrome, Devic,Syndrome, Devic's
D011537	Pruritus	An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	Itching,Pruritis
D003937	Diagnosis, Differential	Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures.	Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D012189	Retrospective Studies	Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.	Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective