Biomaterial Database

Protective Effect of Polydatin on Jejunal Mucosal Integrity, Redox Status, Inflammatory Response, and Mitochondrial Function in Intrauterine Growth-Retarded Weanling Piglets. 2020

Hao Zhang, and Yanan Chen, and Yue Li, and Tian Wang

College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) delays the gut development of neonates, but effective treatment strategies are still limited. This study used newborn piglets as a model to evaluate the protective effect of polydatin (PD) against IUGR-induced intestinal injury. In total, 36 IUGR piglets and an equal number of normal birth weight (NBW) littermates were fed either a basal diet or a PD-supplemented diet from 21 to 35 days of age. Compared with NBW, IUGR induced jejunal damage and barrier dysfunction of piglets, as indicated by observable bacterial translocation, enhanced apoptosis, oxidative and immunological damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. PD treatment decreased bacterial translocation and inhibited the IUGR-induced increases in circulating diamine oxidase activity (P = 0.039) and D-lactate content (P = 0.004). The apoptotic rate (P = 0.024) was reduced by 35.2% in the PD-treated piglets, along with increases in villus height (P = 0.033) and in ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P = 0.049). PD treatment promoted superoxide dismutase (P = 0.026) and glutathione S-transferase activities (P = 0.006) and reduced malondialdehyde (P = 0.015) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine accumulation (P = 0.034) in the jejunum. The PD-treated IUGR piglets showed decreased jejunal myeloperoxidase activity (P = 0.029) and tumor necrosis factor alpha content (P = 0.035) than those received a basal diet. PD stimulated nuclear sirtuin 1 (P = 0.028) and mitochondrial citrate synthase activities (P = 0.020) and facilitated adenosine triphosphate production (P = 0.009) in the jejunum of piglets. Furthermore, PD reversed the IUGR-induced declines in mitochondrial DNA content (P = 0.048), the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (P = 0.027), and proliferation-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha expression (P = 0.033). Altogether, the results indicate that PD may improve jejunal integrity, mitigate mucosal oxidative and immunological damage, and facilitate mitochondrial function in IUGR piglets.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007413	Intestinal Mucosa	Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.	Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007583	Jejunum	The middle portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between DUODENUM and ILEUM. It represents about 2/5 of the remaining portion of the small intestine below duodenum.	Jejunums
D008928	Mitochondria	Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D004272	DNA, Mitochondrial	Double-stranded DNA of MITOCHONDRIA. In eukaryotes, the mitochondrial GENOME is circular and codes for ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, and about 10 proteins.	Mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D005317	Fetal Growth Retardation	Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	Growth Retardation, Intrauterine,Intrauterine Growth Retardation,Fetal Growth Restriction,Intrauterine Growth Restriction
D005960	Glucosides	A GLYCOSIDE that is derived from GLUCOSE.	Glucoside
D005978	Glutathione	A tripeptide with many roles in cells. It conjugates to drugs to make them more soluble for excretion, is a cofactor for some enzymes, is involved in protein disulfide bond rearrangement and reduces peroxides.	Reduced Glutathione,gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly,gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-Cysteinylglycine,Glutathione, Reduced,gamma L Glu L Cys Gly,gamma L Glutamyl L Cysteinylglycine
D006631	Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)	A group of enzymes including those oxidizing primary monoamines, diamines, and histamine. They are copper proteins, and, as their action depends on a carbonyl group, they are sensitive to inhibition by semicarbazide.	Diamine Oxidase,Histaminase,Amine Oxidase, Copper-Containing,Copper Amine Oxidase,Diaminobenzidine Oxidase,Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase,Xylylene Diamine Oxidase,Amine Oxidase, Copper,Amine Oxidase, Copper Containing,Amine Oxidase, Semicarbazide-Sensitive,Copper-Containing Amine Oxidase,Diamine Oxidase, Xylylene,Oxidase, Copper Amine,Oxidase, Copper-Containing Amine,Oxidase, Diamine,Oxidase, Diaminobenzidine,Oxidase, Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine,Oxidase, Xylylene Diamine,Semicarbazide Sensitive Amine Oxidase
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia