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Corpus callosum integrity loss predicts cognitive impairment in Leukoaraiosis. 2020

Zhuonan Wang, and Lijun Bai, and Qi Liu, and Shan Wang, and Chuanzhu Sun, and Ming Zhang, and Yumei Zhang
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

To investigate regional white matter fibers loss in Leukoaraiosis (LA) and its relationship with cognitive impairments. Fifty-six participants with LA and 38 healthy controls underwent clinical evaluations and MR scans. Participants with LA were classified as cognitively normal (LA-NC, n = 18), vascular cognitive impairment of none dementia (LA-VCIND, n = 24), and vascular dementia (LA-VaD, n = 14) by Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating. Cognitive domains including visual-spatial, naming, attention, language, abstraction, memory, and orientation were assessed. With the use of Tract-based spatial statistics, mean fractional anisotropy (FA) of major white matter fiber tracts were compared between LA and controls and among LA groups with varying levels of cognitive impairments. Regression analyses were performed to evaluate relationships between FA values and cognitive performance. Participants showed significant FA reduction in the corpus callosum (CC), bilateral corona radiata, anterior limb of the internal capsule, external capsule, posterior thalamic radiation, and superior longitudinal fasciculus compared to controls and across LA groups. The LA-VaD group showed consistent damage in the body and genu of CC compared to the LA-NC and LA-VCIND groups. A positive correlation between visual-spatial and FA reduction in right anterior corona radiates in LA-VCIND and body of CC in LA- VaD. We found regional fiber loss in the CC across the cognitive spectrum in patients with LA and correlations between FA and visuospatial impairment in the anterior corona radiata in patients with LA-VCIND and in the body of CC in patients with LA-VaD.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D003337 Corpus Callosum Broad plate of dense myelinated fibers that reciprocally interconnect regions of the cortex in all lobes with corresponding regions of the opposite hemisphere. The corpus callosum is located deep in the longitudinal fissure. Interhemispheric Commissure,Neocortical Commissure,Callosum, Corpus,Callosums, Corpus,Commissure, Interhemispheric,Commissure, Neocortical,Commissures, Interhemispheric,Commissures, Neocortical,Corpus Callosums,Interhemispheric Commissures,Neocortical Commissures
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D000369 Aged, 80 and over Persons 80 years of age and older. Oldest Old
D015140 Dementia, Vascular An imprecise term referring to dementia associated with CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS, including CEREBRAL INFARCTION (single or multiple), and conditions associated with chronic BRAIN ISCHEMIA. Diffuse, cortical, and subcortical subtypes have been described. (From Gerontol Geriatr 1998 Feb;31(1):36-44) Arteriosclerotic Dementia,Binswanger Disease,Encephalopathy, Binswanger,Leukoencephalopathy, Subcortical,Subcortical Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy,Vascular Dementia,Acute Onset Vascular Dementia,Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy, Subcortical,Binswanger Encephalopathy,Binswanger's Disease,Chronic Progressive Subcortical Encephalopathy,Encephalopathy, Binswanger's,Encephalopathy, Chronic Progressive Subcortical,Encephalopathy, Subcortical Arteriosclerotic,Encephalopathy, Subcortical, Chronic Progressive,Subcortical Encephalopathy, Chronic Progressive,Subcortical Leukoencephalopathy,Subcortical Vascular Dementia,Vascular Dementia, Acute Onset,Arteriosclerotic Dementias,Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathies, Subcortical,Binswanger's Encephalopathy,Binswangers Disease,Dementia, Arteriosclerotic,Dementia, Subcortical Vascular,Dementias, Arteriosclerotic,Dementias, Subcortical Vascular,Dementias, Vascular,Disease, Binswanger,Disease, Binswanger's,Encephalopathies, Subcortical Arteriosclerotic,Encephalopathy, Binswangers,Leukoencephalopathies, Subcortical,Subcortical Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathies,Subcortical Leukoencephalopathies,Subcortical Vascular Dementias,Vascular Dementia, Subcortical,Vascular Dementias,Vascular Dementias, Subcortical
D049292 Leukoaraiosis Non-specific white matter changes in the BRAIN, often seen after age 65. Changes include loss of AXONS; MYELIN pallor, GLIOSIS, loss of ependymal cells, and enlarged perivascular spaces. Leukoaraiosis is a risk factor for DEMENTIA and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS. Leukoaraioses
D056324 Diffusion Tensor Imaging The use of diffusion ANISOTROPY data from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging results to construct images based on the direction of the faster diffusing molecules. Diffusion Tractography,DTI MRI,Diffusion Tensor MRI,Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Diffusion Tensor MRIs,Imaging, Diffusion Tensor,MRI, Diffusion Tensor,Tractography, Diffusion

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