Repair of damage to the skin flap during total auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion. 2020

Wang Changchen, and Lu Xiaosheng, and Wei Bin, and Yang Meirong, and Zhang Ye, and Pan Bo
Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Badachu Road No.33, Beijing, China.

BACKGROUND Auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion has been widely used in children with microtia. Base on the experience of using tissue expander, more patients have undergone a modified auricular reconstruction using a framework wrapped by expanded skin flap without fascial and skin graft transplantation. Skin damage is a common complication that may lead to serious outcomes, such as infection and distortion. Promptly repair is particularly important when using this modified technique. This work aims to record the site and other information on damage to the expanded skin flap, and to apply various salvage methods according to the site and stage. METHODS From January 2017 to September 2019, 170 patients who underwent total auricular reconstruction without fascial and skin graft were followed up. All patients who had skin damage received corresponding prompt treatment. Details on the site, occurrence time, and salvage methods were noted. RESULTS A total of 19 patients were found to have skin damage during the follow-up period. The defect size ranged from 10 mm2 to 70 mm2. Four patients had skin damage in the lower part of the skin flap combined with expander exposure. The second stage of auricular reconstruction was carried out immediately. Two patients had skin flap damage in anterior 1/3rd of the helix, seven in middle 1/3rd of the helix, four in posterior 1/3rd of the helix and two in the triangular fossa. Most of the skin damage occurred within 4-9 months after auricular reconstruction. According to the site and other factors, the expanded skin flap with the exposed cartilage was repaired using local skin flap, retroauricular skin flap, and retroauricular fascia. Patients were satisfied with the outcome of the repair. Additional skin damage and other complications were not observed after the repair operations. CONCLUSIONS Skin damage is a common complication, and it should receive more attention while applying this modified auricular reconstruction using tissue expansion. The site, occurrence time, and other information provide reference to improve the reconstruction without fascial or skin graft transplantation. Salvage methods, such as retroauricular skin flap and retroauricular fascia, have been treated as highly efficient backup methods and have achieved satisfying results.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013524 Surgical Flaps Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region. Island Flap,Island Flaps,Flap, Surgical,Flaps, Surgical,Pedicled Flap,Surgical Flap,Flap, Island,Flap, Pedicled,Flaps, Island,Flaps, Pedicled,Pedicled Flaps
D015626 Tissue Expansion A procedure whereby the body is stimulated to generate extra soft tissue by the application of stretching forces that stimulate new growth of tissue which, over a period of time, results in a 2-dimensional expansion of the tissue. The procedure is used in reconstructive surgery for injuries caused by trauma, burns, or ablative surgery. Various types of TISSUE EXPANSION DEVICES have been developed that exert stretching forces. Expansion, Tissue,Expansions, Tissue,Tissue Expansions
D016038 Skin Transplantation The grafting of skin in humans or animals from one site to another to replace a lost portion of the body surface skin. Dermatoplasty,Grafting, Skin,Transplantation, Skin,Dermatoplasties,Graftings, Skin,Skin Grafting,Skin Graftings,Skin Transplantations,Transplantations, Skin
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D019651 Plastic Surgery Procedures Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures. Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Cosmetic Surgical Procedures,Esthetic Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Esthetic Surgical Procedures,Plastic Surgical Procedures,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures, Cosmetic,Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgery,Procedure, Reconstructive Surgical,Procedures, Reconstructive Surgical,Reconstructive Surgical Procedure,Reconstructive Surgical Procedures, Esthetic,Surgical Procedure, Reconstructive,Surgical Procedures, Reconstructive,Cosmetic Reconstructive Surgeries,Cosmetic Surgical Procedure,Esthetic Surgical Procedure,Plastic Surgery Procedure,Plastic Surgical Procedure,Procedure, Cosmetic Surgical,Procedure, Esthetic Surgical,Procedure, Plastic Surgery,Procedure, Plastic Surgical,Procedures, Cosmetic Surgical,Procedures, Esthetic Surgical,Procedures, Plastic Surgery,Procedures, Plastic Surgical,Reconstructive Surgeries, Cosmetic,Reconstructive Surgery, Cosmetic,Surgeries, Cosmetic Reconstructive,Surgery Procedure, Plastic,Surgery Procedures, Plastic,Surgery, Cosmetic Reconstructive,Surgical Procedure, Cosmetic,Surgical Procedure, Esthetic,Surgical Procedure, Plastic,Surgical Procedures, Cosmetic,Surgical Procedures, Esthetic,Surgical Procedures, Plastic
D065817 Congenital Microtia Malformation of external portion of EAR AURICLE. Anotia,Microtia,Anotias,Congenital Microtias,Microtia, Congenital,Microtias,Microtias, Congenital

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