Biomaterial Database

Protein phosphorylation is involved in bacterial chemotaxis. 1987

J F Hess, and K Oosawa, and P Matsumura, and M I Simon

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125.

The nature of the biochemical signal that is involved in the excitation response in bacterial chemotaxis is not known. However, ATP is required for chemotaxis. We have purified all of the proteins involved in signal transduction and show that the product of the cheA gene is rapidly autophosphorylated, while some mutant CheA proteins cannot be phosphorylated. The presence of stoichiometric levels of two other purified components in the chemotaxis system, the CheY and CheZ proteins, induces dephosphorylation. We suggest that the phosphorylation of CheA by ATP plays a central role in signal transduction in chemotaxis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008565	Membrane Proteins	Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.	Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D010766	Phosphorylation	The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.	Phosphorylations
D002633	Chemotaxis	The movement of cells or organisms toward or away from a substance in response to its concentration gradient.	Haptotaxis
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D005796	Genes	A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.	Cistron,Gene,Genetic Materials,Cistrons,Genetic Material,Material, Genetic,Materials, Genetic
D005798	Genes, Bacterial	The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.	Bacterial Gene,Bacterial Genes,Gene, Bacterial
D000071677	Histidine Kinase	A member of the transferase superfamily of proteins. In the activated state, protein-histidine kinase autophosphorylates at a histidine residue, subsequently transferring high-energy phosphoryl groups to an aspartate residue of the response-regulator domain, which results in a conformational shift in the effector domain. Histidine kinases mediate signal transduction in a wide range of processes involving cellular adaptation to environmental stress.	Histidine Protein Kinase,Histone H4 Histidine Kinase,Protein Histidine Pros-Kinase,Protein Kinase (Histidine), Pros-Kinase,Protein-Histidine Kinase,Protein-Histidine Pros-Kinase,Protein-Histidine Tele-Kinase,Sensor Histidine Kinase,Histidine Kinase, Sensor,Histidine Pros-Kinase, Protein,Kinase, Histidine,Kinase, Histidine Protein,Kinase, Protein-Histidine,Kinase, Sensor Histidine,Pros-Kinase, Protein Histidine,Pros-Kinase, Protein-Histidine,Protein Histidine Kinase,Protein Histidine Pros Kinase,Protein Histidine Tele Kinase,Protein Kinase, Histidine,Tele-Kinase, Protein-Histidine
D000072236	Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins	Transmembrane sensor receptor proteins that are central components of the chemotactic systems of a number of motile bacterial species which include ESCHERICHIA COLI and SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins derive their name from a sensory adaptation process which involves methylation at several glutamyl residues in their cytoplasmic domain. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins trigger chemotactic responses across spatial chemical gradients, causing organisms to move either toward favorable stimuli or away from toxic ones.	Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Protein,MACP-I,MACP-II,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein 1,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein 2,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein 3,Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Protein I,Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Protein II,Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Protein III,Chemotaxis Protein, Methyl-Accepting,Chemotaxis Proteins, Methyl-Accepting,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein I,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein II,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Protein III,Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins,Protein, Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis,Proteins, Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis
D001426	Bacterial Proteins	Proteins found in any species of bacterium.	Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial