Enhancement of infectivity of insect cell-derived La Crosse Virus by human serum. 2021

Maria A Cruz, and Griffith D Parks
University of Central Florida, College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, 32827, United States.

Given the dual life cycle of arboviruses in insect and animal hosts and the importance of serum factors as a first line antiviral defense, we have examined the outcome of interactions between the arbovirus La Crosse Virus (LACV) and human serum. To mimic the life cycle between species, we used LACV derived from insect (I-LACV) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Incubation of I-LACV with normal human serum did not result in neutralization, but instead stabilized I-LACV virions and enhanced the amount of infectious virus. Enhanced infectivity was also seen with heat-inactivated serum devoid of complement activity and with serum from a range of animals including mouse, ferret, and non-human primates. Depletion of antibodies from serum resulted in loss of enhancement of infectivity and sucrose gradient sedimentation assays showed IgG co-sedimenting with I-LACV particles. In agreement with our results with I-LACV, HaCaT-derived LACV was not neutralized by complement or antibodies in normal human serum. However, in contrast to I-LACV, HaCaT-derived LACV infectivity was stable when incubated alone and treatment with serum did not enhance infectivity. Our results indicate that LACV derived from insect cells differs substantially from virus derived from human cells, with I-LACV being dependent on serum factors to enhance infectivity. These findings suggest that understanding differential composition of insect versus animal cell-derived LACV may form the foundation for potential new antiviral approaches.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007313 Insecta Members of the phylum ARTHROPODA composed or organisms characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth with several hundred thousand different kinds. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1). Insects,Insect
D009500 Neutralization Tests The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50). Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D011323 Primates An order of mammals consisting of more than 300 species that include LEMURS; LORISIDAE; TARSIERS; MONKEYS; and HOMINIDS. They are characterized by a relatively large brain when compared with other terrestrial mammals, forward-facing eyes, the presence of a CALCARINE SULCUS, and specialized MECHANORECEPTORS in the hands and feet which allow the perception of light touch. Primate
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004670 Encephalitis, California A viral infection of the brain caused by serotypes of California encephalitis virus (ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS, CALIFORNIA) transmitted to humans by the mosquito AEDES triseriatus. The majority of cases are caused by the LA CROSSE VIRUS. This condition is endemic to the midwestern United States and primarily affects children between 5-10 years of age. Clinical manifestations include FEVER; VOMITING; HEADACHE; and abdominal pain followed by SEIZURES, altered mentation, and focal neurologic deficits. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, p13) California Viral Encephalitis,Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease,Jamestown Canyon Virus Encephalitis,Tahyna Virus Disease,Tahyna Virus Infection,California Encephalitis,California Encephalitis Virus Infection,Encephalitis, California, Viral,La Crosse Encephalitis,La Crosse Encephalitis Virus Infection,Viral Encephalitis, California,Disease, Tahyna Virus,Encephalitis, California Viral,Encephalitis, La Crosse,Infection, Tahyna Virus,Virus Disease, Tahyna,Virus Infection, Tahyna
D005289 Ferrets Semidomesticated variety of European polecat much used for hunting RODENTS and/or RABBITS and as a laboratory animal. It is in the subfamily Mustelinae, family MUSTELIDAE. Domestic Polecat,Domestic Polecats,European Polecat,European Polecats,Ferret,Mustela putorius,Mustela putorius furo,Polecat, Domestic,Polecat, European,Polecats, Domestic,Polecats, European
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014779 Virus Replication The process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and sometimes LIPIDS, and their assembly into a new infectious particle. Viral Replication,Replication, Viral,Replication, Virus,Replications, Viral,Replications, Virus,Viral Replications,Virus Replications

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