Biomaterial Database

Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum types A and B hemagglutinins by sugars. 1977

B R DasGupta, and H Sugiyama

Chromatographically isolated hemagglutinins of Clostridium botulinum types A and B are serologically related but not identical. Of the sugars (5, 6, 12, 18 carbons, some derivatives, L and D forms) tested, only D-galactose and some of tis derivatives were inhibitors of these hemagglutinins. O-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside were the most potent inhibitors. The two hemagglutinins were bound tightly by p-aminophenyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside coupled to CH-Sepharose 4B. The ligands to which these hemagglutinins bind were determined as the sugars which inhibited the hemagglutinating activity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007544	Isopropyl Thiogalactoside	A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.	IPTG,Isopropyl 1-Thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside,1-Thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside, Isopropyl,Isopropyl 1 Thio beta D galactopyranoside,Thiogalactoside, Isopropyl
D009598	Nitrophenylgalactosides	Includes ortho-, meta-, and para-nitrophenylgalactosides.	Nitrophenylgalactopyranosides
D002241	Carbohydrates	A class of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n. The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES.	Carbohydrate
D003014	Clostridium botulinum	A species of anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Clostridiaceae that produces proteins with characteristic neurotoxicity. It is the etiologic agent of BOTULISM in humans, wild fowl, HORSES; and CATTLE. Seven subtypes (sometimes called antigenic types, or strains) exist, each producing a different botulinum toxin (BOTULINUM TOXINS). The organism and its spores are widely distributed in nature.
D005690	Galactose	An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.	D-Galactose,Galactopyranose,Galactopyranoside,D Galactose
D006384	Hemagglutination	The aggregation of ERYTHROCYTES by AGGLUTININS, including antibodies, lectins, and viral proteins (HEMAGGLUTINATION, VIRAL).	Hemagglutinations
D006388	Hemagglutinins	Agents that cause agglutination of red blood cells. They include antibodies, blood group antigens, lectins, autoimmune factors, bacterial, viral, or parasitic blood agglutinins, etc.	Isohemagglutinins,Exohemagglutinins,Hemagglutinin
D000373	Agglutinins	A substance that makes particles (such as bacteria or cells) stick together to form a clump or a mass.	Agglutinin
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D013237	Stereoisomerism	The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)	Molecular Stereochemistry,Stereoisomers,Stereochemistry, Molecular,Stereoisomer