Biomaterial Database

Disseminated Mycobacterium marinum in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Unmasked by Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. 2021

Maura Manion, and Augusto Dulanto Chiang, and Luxin Pei, and Chun-Shu Wong, and Pavel Khil, and Dima A Hammoud, and Megan Anderson, and Elizabeth Laidlaw, and Safia Kuriakose, and Andrea Lisco, and , and Adrian M Zelazny, and John P Dekker, and Irini Sereti

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Distinguishing disseminated Mycobacterium marinum from multifocal cutaneous disease in persons with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS can present a diagnostic challenge, especially in the context of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). In this work, we demonstrate the utility of flow cytometry and whole genome sequencing (WGS) to diagnose disseminated M. marinum unmasked by IRIS following initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Flow cytometry demonstrated robust cytokine production by CD4 T cells in response to stimulation with M. marinum lysate. WGS of isolates from distinct lesions was consistent with clonal dissemination, supporting that preexisting disseminated M. marinum disease was uncovered by inflammatory manifestations, consistent with unmasking mycobacterial IRIS.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006678	HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	AIDS Virus,HTLV-III,Human Immunodeficiency Viruses,Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III,LAV-HTLV-III,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus,Human Immunodeficiency Virus,Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Immunodeficiency Virus, Human,Immunodeficiency Viruses, Human,Virus, Human Immunodeficiency,Viruses, Human Immunodeficiency,AIDS Viruses,Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Viruses,Virus, AIDS,Virus, Lymphadenopathy-Associated,Viruses, AIDS,Viruses, Lymphadenopathy-Associated
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D015658	HIV Infections	Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human
D054019	Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome	Exuberant inflammatory response towards a previously acquired or undiagnosed opportunistic infection. It is frequently seen in AIDS patients following antiretroviral treatment.	Immune Reconstitution Disease,Immune Restoration Syndrome,Immune Reconstitution Syndrome,Immune Restoration Disease,Immune Reconstitution Syndromes,Immune Restoration Diseases,Reconstitution Disease, Immune,Reconstitution Syndrome, Immune,Restoration Syndrome, Immune
D019910	Mycobacterium marinum	A moderate-growing, photochromogenic species found in aquariums, diseased fish, and swimming pools. It is the cause of cutaneous lesions and granulomas (swimming pool granuloma) in humans. (Dorland, 28th ed)
D023241	Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active	Drug regimens, for patients with HIV INFECTIONS, that aggressively suppress HIV replication. The regimens usually involve administration of three or more different drugs including a protease inhibitor.	Combination Antiretroviral Therapy,HAART,Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy,Antiretroviral Therapies, Combination,Antiretroviral Therapy, Combination,Combination Antiretroviral Therapies,Therapies, Combination Antiretroviral,Therapy, Combination Antiretroviral