A retrospective comparison of dental and skeletal ages between African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic subjects. 2020

Shaima Malik, and Mike Skrobola, and Samuel Obamiyi, and Changyong Feng, and Zhihui Wang, and P Emile Rossouw, and Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, New York, USA.

OBJECTIVE To compare dental and skeletal ages among African American (AA), Caucasian (C) and Hispanic (H) subjects (chronological ages 9 to 15-years). METHODS A total of 168 subjects (9 to 15 years old) were equally divided into AA, C, and H groups, with an equal number of males and females. Each group was divided equally into 7 chronological age-groups, ranging from 9 to 15 years. Dental age was determined from panoramic radiographs as primary, early mixed, late mixed, or permanent dentition (scored as 1-4). Skeletal age was calculated from hand-wrist radiographs using Fishman's Skeletal Maturation Index (SMI 1-11). One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used to compare skeletal and dental ages among AA, C and H subjects; and AA, C and H subjects in each chronological age-group. The two-sample t-test was used to compare SMI and dental age among females and males. RESULTS Skeletal and dental age were not significantly different between AA, C and H subjects. Mean SMI was higher in females than males; and there were no significant gender differences regarding dental age. Mean SMI and dental age were significantly different among AA, C and H subjects in the 12-year-old and 11-year-old age groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Dental and skeletal maturation are fairly similar among AA, C and H subjects (aged 9 to 15 years).

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