Low retinoic acid levels mediate regionalization of the Sertoli valve in the terminal segment of mouse seminiferous tubules. 2021

Kasane Imura-Kishi, and Aya Uchida, and Naoki Tsunekawa, and Hitomi Suzuki, and Hinako M Takase, and Yoshikazu Hirate, and Masami Kanai-Azuma, and Ryuji Hiramatsu, and Masamichi Kurohmaru, and Yoshiakira Kanai
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

In mammalian testes, undifferentiated spermatogonia (Aundiff) undergo differentiation in response to retinoic acid (RA), while their progenitor states are partially maintained by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). Sertoli valve (SV) is a region located at the terminal end of seminiferous tubule (ST) adjacent to the rete testis (RT), where the high density of Aundiff is constitutively maintained with the absence of active spermatogenesis. However, the molecular and cellular characteristics of SV epithelia still remain unclear. In this study, we first identified the region-specific AKT phosphorylation in the SV Sertoli cells and demonstrated non-cell autonomous specialization of Sertoli cells in the SV region by performing a Sertoli cell ablation/replacement experiment. The expression of Fgf9 was detected in the RT epithelia, while the exogenous administration of FGF9 caused ectopic AKT phosphorylation in the Sertoli cells of convoluted ST. Furthermore, we revealed the SV region-specific expression of Cyp26a1, which encodes an RA-degrading enzyme, and demonstrated that the increased RA levels in the SV region disrupt its pool of Aundiff by inducing their differentiation. Taken together, RT-derived FGFs and low levels of RA signaling contribute to the non-cell-autonomous regionalization of the SV epithelia and its local maintenance of Aundiff in the SV region.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D010766 Phosphorylation The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety. Phosphorylations
D012038 Regeneration The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue. Endogenous Regeneration,Regeneration, Endogenous,Regenerations
D002454 Cell Differentiation Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. Differentiation, Cell,Cell Differentiations,Differentiations, Cell
D004848 Epithelium The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body. Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D005346 Fibroblast Growth Factors A family of small polypeptide growth factors that share several common features including a strong affinity for HEPARIN, and a central barrel-shaped core region of 140 amino acids that is highly homologous between family members. Although originally studied as proteins that stimulate the growth of fibroblasts this distinction is no longer a requirement for membership in the fibroblast growth factor family. DNA Synthesis Factor,Fibroblast Growth Factor,Fibroblast Growth Regulatory Factor,Growth Factor, Fibroblast,Growth Factors, Fibroblast
D000072516 Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase A cytochrome P450 enzyme that resides in the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. It catalyzes the conversion of trans-RETINOIC ACID to 4-hydroxyretinoic acid. CYP26A1,CYP26A1 Enzyme,CYP26B1,CYP450 4-Hydroxylase,Cytochrome P-450 26B1,Cytochrome P-450 CYP26B1,Cytochrome P450 26A1 Enzyme,Cytochrome P450 4-Hydroxylase,P450RAI,RA-4-Hydroxylase,Retinoic Acid-Metabolizing Enzyme, CYP26B1,CYP26B1, Cytochrome P-450,Cytochrome P 450 CYP26B1,Cytochrome P450 4 Hydroxylase,Enzyme, CYP26A1,RA 4 Hydroxylase,Retinoic Acid 4 Hydroxylase,Retinoic Acid Metabolizing Enzyme, CYP26B1
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012671 Seminiferous Tubules The convoluted tubules in the TESTIS where sperm are produced (SPERMATOGENESIS) and conveyed to the RETE TESTIS. Spermatogenic tubules are composed of developing germ cells and the supporting SERTOLI CELLS. Seminiferous Tubule,Tubule, Seminiferous,Tubules, Seminiferous

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