Trapping the fast-refolding state of ribonuclease A at subzero temperatures. 1988

A L Fink, and W D Anderson, and L Antonino
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.

Unfolded ribonuclease A consists of a mixture of fast- and slow-refolding species. It is generally accepted that the slow-refolding states arise from isomerization of proline residues. We show that unfolding at subzero temperatures may be used to trap the fast-refolding species Uf, since the rate of proline isomerization slows down at a much faster rate than protein unfolding. The unfolding was carried out in 5 M guanidine hydrochloride; at -15 degrees C the protein unfolding process is complete within 30 s and under these conditions there is less than 1.5% proline isomerization. By using ribonuclease in which Tyr-115 was nitrated it was possible to rule out significant isomerization of Pro-114 in the observed slow-unfolding step.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010179 Pancreas A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D011487 Protein Conformation The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D002417 Cattle Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor. Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D003080 Cold Temperature An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm. Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D006146 Guanidines A family of iminourea derivatives. The parent compound has been isolated from mushrooms, corn germ, rice hulls, mussels, earthworms, and turnip juice. Derivatives may have antiviral and antifungal properties.
D000432 Methanol A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness. Alcohol, Methyl,Carbinol,Sodium Methoxide,Wood Alcohol,Alcohol, Wood,Methoxide, Sodium,Methyl Alcohol
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012259 Ribonuclease, Pancreatic An enzyme that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of pancreatic ribonucleic acids to 3'-phosphomono- and oligonucleotides ending in cytidylic or uridylic acids with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates. EC 3.1.27.5. RNase A,Ribonuclease A,Pancreatic RNase,RNase I,Ribonuclease (Pancreatic),Ribonuclease I,Pancreatic Ribonuclease,RNase, Pancreatic
D019791 Guanidine A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC. Guanidine Hydrochloride,Guanidinium,Guanidinium Chloride,Guanidine Monohydrate,Guanidine Monohydrobromide,Guanidine Monohydrochloride,Guanidine Monohydroiodine,Guanidine Nitrate,Guanidine Phosphate,Guanidine Sulfate,Guanidine Sulfate (1:1),Guanidine Sulfate (2:1),Guanidine Sulfite (1:1),Guanidium Chloride,Chloride, Guanidinium,Chloride, Guanidium,Hydrochloride, Guanidine,Monohydrate, Guanidine,Monohydrobromide, Guanidine,Monohydrochloride, Guanidine,Monohydroiodine, Guanidine,Nitrate, Guanidine,Phosphate, Guanidine,Sulfate, Guanidine

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