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Isometric contractile function was studied after recovery in free, vascularized muscle transfer subjected to graded periods of intraoperative ischemia. Fifteen dogs had orthotopic replantation of their left gracilis muscles, with intraoperative ischemia times grouped as 0 (n = 3), 1 to 2 (n = 3), 2 to 3 (n = 4), or 3 to 4 (n = 5) hours. After recovery (mean 61.8 weeks), isometric twitch and tetanic tension and fatigue measurements were made in the replants and in the contralateral, control gracilis. On the average, replants were found to produce significantly less twitch (0.32 +/- 0.13 versus 0.49 +/- 0.24 N/g) and 75 Hz tetanic tension (2.2 +/- 0.9 versus 3.4 +/- 0.5 N/g) than controls. However, in several individual replants, 100% of control maximal tetanic tension was observed. Intraoperative ischemia time of up to 4 hours was not correlated with functional return. It is concluded that (1) full recovery is possible after free muscle transfer; (2) intraoperative ischemia, if less than 4 hours long, is not the primary determinant of functional recovery; and (3) factors besides intraoperative ischemia must be operative in producing the variability in recovery seen in this setting.
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
September 2006,
Zhonghua zheng xing wai ke za zhi = Zhonghua zhengxing waike zazhi = Chinese journal of plastic surgery,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
December 1988,
Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
January 2019,
Frontiers in physiology,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
February 1991,
Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
September 1985,
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985),
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
February 2021,
International journal of environmental research and public health,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
January 2003,
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
July 1984,
Experimental neurology,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
January 2012,
The Journal of international medical research,
W M Kuzon, and
N H McKee, and
J S Fish, and
B R Pynn, and
J D Rosenblatt
March 1979,
Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,
