Biomaterial Database

Onset sequencing of selected lip muscles in stutterers and nonstutterers. 1988

B Guitar, and C Guitar, and P Neilson, and N O'Dwyer, and G Andrews

University of Vermont, Communication Science & Disorders, Burlington 05405.

The present study examined lip muscle activity during the speech production of stutterers and fluent speakers to provide information about the nature of stuttering blocks. Depressor Anguli Oris (DAO) and Depressor Labii Inferioris (DLI) were recorded, using hooked-wire electromyography (EMG), in 3 stutterers and 3 nonstutterers during productions of the words "peek", "puck", and "pack." EMG records indicated that nonstutterers activated DAO prior to DLI for production of the initial/p/. Stutterers frequently reversed this sequence of onset, particularly when they stuttered. Results are discussed in terms of mistiming versus anticipatory hypertension hypotheses about stuttering.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008046	Lip	Either of the two fleshy, full-blooded margins of the mouth.	Philtrum,Lips,Philtrums
D008297	Male		Males
D008959	Models, Neurological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the neurological system, processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Neurologic Models,Model, Neurological,Neurologic Model,Neurological Model,Neurological Models,Model, Neurologic,Models, Neurologic
D004576	Electromyography	Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.	Electromyogram,Surface Electromyography,Electromyograms,Electromyographies,Electromyographies, Surface,Electromyography, Surface,Surface Electromyographies
D005152	Facial Muscles	Muscles of facial expression or mimetic muscles that include the numerous muscles supplied by the facial nerve that are attached to and move the skin of the face. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	Mimetic Muscles,Facial Muscle,Mimetic Muscle,Muscle, Facial,Muscle, Mimetic,Muscles, Facial,Muscles, Mimetic
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013060	Speech	Communication through a system of conventional vocal symbols.	Public Speaking,Speaking, Public
D013342	Stuttering	A disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age. This disturbance is characterized by frequent repetitions or prolongations of sounds or syllables. Various other types of speech dysfluencies may also be involved including interjections, broken words, audible or silent blocking, circumlocutions, words produced with an excess of physical tension, and monosyllabic whole word repetitions. Stuttering may occur as a developmental condition in childhood or as an acquired disorder which may be associated with BRAIN INFARCTIONS and other BRAIN DISEASES. (From DSM-IV, 1994)	Stammering,Stuttering, Acquired,Stuttering, Adult,Stuttering, Childhood,Stuttering, Developmental,Stuttering, Familial Persistent 1,Acquired Stuttering,Adult Stuttering,Childhood Stuttering,Developmental Stuttering
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor