Biomaterial Database

The expansion of mesophyll cells is coordinated with the division of chloroplasts in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana. 2021

Hanjun He, and Wei Xie, and Zhixin Liang, and Hong Wu, and Mei Bai

State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.

Cell expression is coordinated with chloroplast division in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana, polyploidy promoted the expansion of mesophyll cells and chloroplast division in A. thaliana. Cell development and differentiation are always accompanied by cell expansion and chloroplast division in plants, but the relationship between them is still relatively unknown. To confirm the relationship between cell expansion and chloroplast division during the leaf development process of diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana, we systematically analyzed the expansion of mesophyll cells and the division of chloroplasts through cytological observation and gene-expression characteristics. As a result, in diploid and tetraploid A. thaliana, there were two peaks in both mesophyll cell expansion and chloroplast division during the leaf development process. Tetraploid A. thaliana mesophyll cells were larger and contained more chloroplasts than diploid A. thaliana mesophyll cells, which indicated that cell division and cell expansion were coordinated with chloroplast division in A. thaliana and that polyploidy further promoted mesophyll cell expansion and chloroplast division.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002736	Chloroplasts	Plant cell inclusion bodies that contain the photosynthetic pigment CHLOROPHYLL, which is associated with the membrane of THYLAKOIDS. Chloroplasts occur in cells of leaves and young stems of plants. They are also found in some forms of PHYTOPLANKTON such as HAPTOPHYTA; DINOFLAGELLATES; DIATOMS; and CRYPTOPHYTA.	Chloroplast,Etioplasts,Etioplast
D004171	Diploidy	The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented twice. Symbol: 2N or 2X.	Diploid,Diploid Cell,Cell, Diploid,Cells, Diploid,Diploid Cells,Diploidies,Diploids
D017360	Arabidopsis	A plant genus of the family BRASSICACEAE that contains ARABIDOPSIS PROTEINS and MADS DOMAIN PROTEINS. The species A. thaliana is used for experiments in classical plant genetics as well as molecular genetic studies in plant physiology, biochemistry, and development.	Arabidopsis thaliana,Cress, Mouse-ear,A. thaliana,A. thalianas,Arabidopses,Arabidopsis thalianas,Cress, Mouse ear,Cresses, Mouse-ear,Mouse-ear Cress,Mouse-ear Cresses,thaliana, A.,thaliana, Arabidopsis,thalianas, A.
D057891	Tetraploidy	The presence of four sets of chromosomes. It is associated with ABNORMALITIES, MULTIPLE; and MISCARRAGES.	Tetraploid,Tetraploidies,Tetraploids
D058503	Mesophyll Cells	Large and highly vacuolated cells possessing many chloroplasts occuring in the interior cross-section of leaves, juxtaposed between the epidermal layers.	Palisade Parenchyma Cells,Spongy Mesophyll Cells,Cell, Mesophyll,Cell, Palisade Parenchyma,Cell, Spongy Mesophyll,Cells, Mesophyll,Cells, Palisade Parenchyma,Cells, Spongy Mesophyll,Mesophyll Cell,Mesophyll Cell, Spongy,Mesophyll Cells, Spongy,Palisade Parenchyma Cell,Parenchyma Cell, Palisade,Parenchyma Cells, Palisade,Spongy Mesophyll Cell
D018515	Plant Leaves	Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)	Plant Leaf,Leaf, Plant,Leave, Plant,Leaves, Plant,Plant Leave
D029681	Arabidopsis Proteins	Proteins that originate from plants species belonging to the genus ARABIDOPSIS. The most intensely studied species of Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis thaliana, is commonly used in laboratory experiments.	Arabidopsis thaliana Proteins,Thale Cress Proteins,Proteins, Arabidopsis thaliana,thaliana Proteins, Arabidopsis