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mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants. 2021
Zijun Wang, and
Fabian Schmidt, and
Yiska Weisblum, and
Frauke Muecksch, and
Christopher O Barnes, and
Shlomo Finkin, and
Dennis Schaefer-Babajew, and
Melissa Cipolla, and
Christian Gaebler, and
Jenna A Lieberman, and
Thiago Y Oliveira, and
Zhi Yang, and
Morgan E Abernathy, and
Kathryn E Huey-Tubman, and
Arlene Hurley, and
Martina Turroja, and
Kamille A West, and
Kristie Gordon, and
Katrina G Millard, and
Victor Ramos, and
Justin Da Silva, and
Jianliang Xu, and
Robert A Colbert, and
Roshni Patel, and
Juan Dizon, and
Cecille Unson-O'Brien, and
Irina Shimeliovich, and
Anna Gazumyan, and
Marina Caskey, and
Pamela J Bjorkman, and
Rafael Casellas, and
Theodora Hatziioannou, and
Paul D Bieniasz, and
Michel C Nussenzweig
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Here we report on the antibody and memory BÂ cell responses of a cohort of 20Â volunteers who received the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine against SARS-CoV-21-4. Eight weeks after the second injection of vaccine, volunteers showed high levels of IgM and IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) and receptor-binding-domain (RBD) binding titre. Moreover, the plasma neutralizing activity and relative numbers of RBD-specific memory BÂ cells of vaccinated volunteers were equivalent to those of individuals who had recovered from natural infection5,6. However, activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants that encode E484K-, N501Y- or K417N/E484K/N501-mutant S was reduced by a small-but significant-margin. The monoclonal antibodies elicited by the vaccines potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2, and target a number of different RBD epitopes in common with monoclonal antibodies isolated from infected donors5-8. However, neutralization by 14 of the 17 most-potent monoclonal antibodies that we tested was reduced or abolished by the K417N, E484K or N501Y mutation. Notably, these mutations were selected when we cultured recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing SARS-CoV-2 SÂ in the presence of the monoclonal antibodies elicited by the vaccines. Together, these results suggest that the monoclonal antibodies in clinical use should be tested against newly arising variants, and that mRNA vaccines may need to be updated periodically to avoid a potential loss of clinical efficacy.
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Viruses,
