The treatment program for form-vision deprivation and strabismic amblyopia currently followed in our orthoptic clinic is presented. In unilateral congenital cataract, a disease that causes form-vision deprivation amblyopia, good vision up to 20/20 can be obtained through surgery performed before the patient reaches 8 weeks of age, employing new surgical techniques such as lentectomy and vitrectomy, combined with early aphakic eye correction and occlusion of the healthy eye. In strabismic amblyopia, prevention and/or early treatment are very important, particularly in cases of unilateral infantile esotropia. Our success rate with occlusion therapy was 84.6% using a patch and 83.3% employing atropine cycloplegia. Occlusion therapy is monitored with the preferential looking technique to prevent the development of occlusion amblyopia. The visual prognosis for amblyopia due to unilateral congenital cataract and infantile strabismic amblyopia has been improved compared with previous reports. The prognosis for binocular function remains poor.