Hybrid FES orthosis incorporating closed loop control and sensory feedback. 1988

B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, UK.

A hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) orthosis is described, comprising a rigid ankle-foot brace, a multi-channel FES stimulator with surface electrodes, body mounted sensors, a 'rule-based' controller and an electro-cutaneous display for supplementary sensory feedback. The mechanical brace provides stability, without FES activation of muscles, for standing postures normally adopted by patients. This avoids inducing muscle fatigue during prolonged upright activity. However, stability is conditional upon the position of the ground reaction vector (GRV) relative to the knee joint. The finite state FES controller reacts automatically to destabilizing shifts of the GRV by stimulating appropriate anti-gravity musculature to brace the leg. The FES system also features a control mode to initiate and terminate flexion of the leg during forward progression. A simple mode of supplementary sensory feedback was used during the laboratory standing tests to assist the patient in maintaining a set posture. Preliminary results of laboratory tests for two spinal cord injured subjects are presented.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007866 Leg The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE. Legs
D008124 Locomotion Movement or the ability to move from one place or another. It can refer to humans, vertebrate or invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Locomotor Activity,Activities, Locomotor,Activity, Locomotor,Locomotor Activities
D008297 Male Males
D009989 Orthotic Devices Apparatus used to support, align, or augment the functioning of parts of the body. Orthoses,Orthosis,Parapodium,Device, Orthotic,Devices, Orthotic,Orthose,Orthotic Device,Parapodiums
D010264 Paraplegia Severe or complete loss of motor function in the lower extremities and lower portions of the trunk. This condition is most often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, although BRAIN DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause bilateral leg weakness. Paralysis, Lower Extremities,Paraplegia, Spastic,Spastic Paraplegia,Paralysis, Legs,Paralysis, Lower Limbs,Paraplegia, Ataxic,Paraplegia, Cerebral,Paraplegia, Flaccid,Paraplegia, Spinal,Ataxic Paraplegia,Ataxic Paraplegias,Cerebral Paraplegia,Cerebral Paraplegias,Flaccid Paraplegia,Flaccid Paraplegias,Paraplegias,Paraplegias, Ataxic,Paraplegias, Cerebral,Paraplegias, Flaccid,Paraplegias, Spastic,Paraplegias, Spinal,Spastic Paraplegias,Spinal Paraplegia,Spinal Paraplegias
D011187 Posture The position or physical attitude of the body. Postures
D001915 Braces Orthopedic appliances used to support, align, or hold parts of the body in correct position. (Dorland, 28th ed) Brace
D003201 Computers Programmable electronic devices designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Calculators, Programmable,Computer Hardware,Computers, Digital,Hardware, Computer,Calculator, Programmable,Computer,Computer, Digital,Digital Computer,Digital Computers,Programmable Calculator,Programmable Calculators
D004558 Electric Stimulation Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D005246 Feedback A mechanism of communication within a system in that the input signal generates an output response which returns to influence the continued activity or productivity of that system. Feedbacks

Related Publications

B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
March 2018, Biomedical microdevices,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
January 2015, Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
March 2015, IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
July 2022, Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
May 2010, Lab on a chip,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
January 1997, Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
February 2004, IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
January 2014, IEEE transactions on haptics,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
January 2017, Frontiers in neurorobotics,
B J Andrews, and R H Baxendale, and R Barnett, and G F Phillips, and T Yamazaki, and J P Paul, and P A Freeman
January 2014, Computational and mathematical methods in medicine,
Copied contents to your clipboard!