Biomaterial Database

Ventilation and ventilatory response to carbon dioxide during caudal anaesthesia with lidocaine or bupivacaine in sedated children. 1988

M Takasaki

Department of Anesthesiology, Shimane Medical University, Izumo, Japan.

Resting ventilation, arterial blood-gas tensions and the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide were measured in sedated children before and after caudal anaesthesia using 10 mg.kg-1 of 1.5% lidocaine or 3.3 mg.kg-1 of 0.5% bupivacaine. Expired minute volume decreased slightly after both caudal blocks but end-tidal Pco2 increased slightly after caudal block with lidocaine. No clinical changes in Paco2 and Pao2 were observed in either group. The slope of the CO2 response curves increased significantly after both caudal blocks. The mean plasma levels of lidocaine and bupivacaine were 3.95 +/- 0.64 (s.d.) and 1.33 +/- 0.29 micrograms.ml-1, respectively. These results indicate that the ventilatory response to hypercapnia is markedly improved by the two caudal blocks, but resting ventilation is slightly impaired by caudal block with lidocaine, and from the aspect of pulmonary ventilation bupivacaine is better than lidocaine for caudal anaesthesia.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008012	Lidocaine	A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.	Lignocaine,2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)Acetamide,2-2EtN-2MePhAcN,Dalcaine,Lidocaine Carbonate,Lidocaine Carbonate (2:1),Lidocaine Hydrocarbonate,Lidocaine Hydrochloride,Lidocaine Monoacetate,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Lidocaine Sulfate (1:1),Octocaine,Xylesthesin,Xylocaine,Xylocitin,Xyloneural
D012119	Respiration	The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (	Breathing
D002045	Bupivacaine	A widely used local anesthetic agent.	1-Butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-piperidinecarboxamide,Bupivacain Janapharm,Bupivacain-RPR,Bupivacaina Braun,Bupivacaine Anhydrous,Bupivacaine Carbonate,Bupivacaine Hydrochloride,Bupivacaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Buvacaina,Carbostesin,Dolanaest,Marcain,Marcaine,Sensorcaine,Svedocain Sin Vasoconstr,Bupivacain RPR
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006935	Hypercapnia	A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.
D000763	Anesthesia, Caudal	Epidural anesthesia administered via the sacral canal.	Anesthesia, Sacral Epidural,Caudal Anesthesia,Epidural Anesthesia, Sacral,Sacral Epidural Anesthesia
D000767	Anesthesia, Epidural	Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected into the epidural space.	Anesthesia, Extradural,Anesthesia, Peridural,Epidural Anesthesia,Anesthesias, Epidural,Anesthesias, Extradural,Anesthesias, Peridural,Epidural Anesthesias,Extradural Anesthesia,Extradural Anesthesias,Peridural Anesthesia,Peridural Anesthesias