Management of rhythm disorders in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Is sudden death a cardiac or pulmonary problem? 2021

Jeffrey Bennett, and Naomi J Kertesz
The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Dystrophin deficiency results in the cardiomyopathy of variable onset and deficiency. Myocardial scarring commonly results in cardiac dysfunction, with both atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias. Heart failure, rather than arrhythmia burden, remains the strongest cardiac predictor of mortality in this patient population. Current data suggest the overall rate of sudden cardiac death in pediatric dilated cardiomyopathy is significantly lower than in adults. Specifically, in the Duchenne cardiomyopathy population, sudden death from an arrhythmic cause appears to be rare, even in patients with previously diagnosed arrhythmias. Despite this, recommendations for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement in patients with Duchenne cardiomyopathy has traditionally been extrapolated from adult heart failure recommendations based on decreased left ventricular ejection fraction <35%. Early involvement of the cardiologist in the care for patients with dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy is recommended for this reason. The indications for ICD placement to prevent sudden death in patients with Duchenne cardiomyopathy are not well defined. There is little evidence to suggest that placement meaningfully prolongs life in this population, and should be carefully considered in accordance with the care goals of the patient and his family.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013318 Stroke Volume The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume. Ventricular Ejection Fraction,Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume,Ventricular End-Systolic Volume,Ejection Fraction, Ventricular,Ejection Fractions, Ventricular,End-Diastolic Volume, Ventricular,End-Diastolic Volumes, Ventricular,End-Systolic Volume, Ventricular,End-Systolic Volumes, Ventricular,Fraction, Ventricular Ejection,Fractions, Ventricular Ejection,Stroke Volumes,Ventricular Ejection Fractions,Ventricular End Diastolic Volume,Ventricular End Systolic Volume,Ventricular End-Diastolic Volumes,Ventricular End-Systolic Volumes,Volume, Stroke,Volume, Ventricular End-Diastolic,Volume, Ventricular End-Systolic,Volumes, Stroke,Volumes, Ventricular End-Diastolic,Volumes, Ventricular End-Systolic
D016277 Ventricular Function, Left The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance. Left Ventricular Function,Function, Left Ventricular,Functions, Left Ventricular,Left Ventricular Functions,Ventricular Functions, Left
D016757 Death, Sudden, Cardiac Unexpected rapid natural death due to cardiovascular collapse within one hour of initial symptoms. It is usually caused by the worsening of existing heart diseases. The sudden onset of symptoms, such as CHEST PAIN and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, particularly VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, can lead to the loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest followed by biological death. (from Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine, 7th ed., 2005) Cardiac Sudden Death,Sudden Cardiac Death,Cardiac Arrest, Sudden,Sudden Cardiac Arrest,Arrest, Sudden Cardiac,Cardiac Arrests, Sudden,Cardiac Death, Sudden,Death, Cardiac Sudden,Death, Sudden Cardiac,Sudden Death, Cardiac
D017147 Defibrillators, Implantable Implantable devices which continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart and automatically detect and terminate ventricular tachycardia (TACHYCARDIA, VENTRICULAR) and VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. They consist of an impulse generator, batteries, and electrodes. Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Implantable,Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator,Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators,Implantable Defibrillators,Cardioverter Defibrillator, Implantable,Cardioverter Defibrillators, Implantable,Cardioverter-Defibrillator, Implantable,Defibrillator, Implantable,Defibrillator, Implantable Cardioverter,Defibrillators, Implantable Cardioverter,Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators,Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator,Implantable Defibrillator
D020388 Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415) Becker Muscular Dystrophy,Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy,Muscular Dystrophy, Becker,Muscular Dystrophy, Pseudohypertrophic,Becker's Muscular Dystrophy,Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 3B,Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, X-Linked,Childhood Muscular Dystrophy, Pseudohypertrophic,Childhood Pseudohypertrophic Muscular Dystrophy,Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy,Duchenne-Becker Muscular Dystrophy,Duchenne-Type Progressive Muscular Dystrophy,Muscular Dystrophy Pseudohypertrophic Progressive, Becker Type,Muscular Dystrophy, Becker Type,Muscular Dystrophy, Childhood, Pseudohypertrophic,Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne Type,Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker Types,Muscular Dystrophy, Pseudohypertrophic Progressive, Becker Type,Muscular Dystrophy, Pseudohypertrophic Progressive, Duchenne Type,Muscular Dystrophy, Pseudohypertrophic, Childhood,Progressive Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne Type,Pseudohypertrophic Childhood Muscular Dystrophy,Pseudohypertrophic Muscular Dystrophy, Childhood,Duchenne Becker Muscular Dystrophy,Duchenne Type Progressive Muscular Dystrophy,Muscular Dystrophy, Becker's,Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne-Becker,Pseudohypertrophic Muscular Dystrophy

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