Swelling of high acyl gellan gum hydrogel: Characterization of network strengthening and slower release. 2021

K M Kanyuck, and T B Mills, and I T Norton, and A B Norton-Welch
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: KXK720@student.bham.ac.uk.

This study examined the mechanism of swelling for high acyl (HA) gellan gum and the impacts on the hydrogel mechanical properties and the release of a model drug (glucose). Controlling the material properties and the release of entrapped drugs during use in aqueous environments, such as the stomach or bodily fluids, are crucial in designing functional applications. Swelling of HA gellan gum was controlled by varying the osmotic environment with salts and solvents, and effects on the gel network were characterized by uniaxial compression tests, DSC, and rheology. Low ionic strength solutions caused the greatest degree of swelling (up to 400 %) and corresponded to a more brittle gel with a greater modulus and greater network enthalpy. Swelling slowed the release of glucose by decreasing the diffusion flux. The osmotic environment was found to produce different functional properties, and it is crucial to consider these changes in the design of formulations.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007477 Ions An atom or group of atoms that have a positive or negative electric charge due to a gain (negative charge) or loss (positive charge) of one or more electrons. Atoms with a positive charge are known as CATIONS; those with a negative charge are ANIONS.
D011135 Polysaccharides, Bacterial Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof. Bacterial Polysaccharides
D004337 Drug Carriers Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers. Drug Carrier
D005947 Glucose A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D012212 Rheology The study of the deformation and flow of matter, usually liquids or fluids, and of the plastic flow of solids. The concept covers consistency, dilatancy, liquefaction, resistance to flow, shearing, thixotrophy, and VISCOSITY. Flowmetry,Velocimetry,Velocimetries
D013696 Temperature The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms. Temperatures
D013816 Thermodynamics A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed) Thermodynamic
D055119 Elastic Modulus Numerical expression indicating the measure of stiffness in a material. It is defined by the ratio of stress in a unit area of substance to the resulting deformation (strain). This allows the behavior of a material under load (such as bone) to be calculated. Young Modulus,Modulus of Elasticity,Young's Modulus,Elasticity Modulus,Modulus, Elastic,Modulus, Young,Modulus, Young's,Youngs Modulus
D019245 Compressive Strength The maximum compression a material can withstand without failure. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p427) Compressive Strengths,Strength, Compressive,Strengths, Compressive
D020100 Hydrogels Water swollen, rigid, 3-dimensional network of cross-linked, hydrophilic macromolecules, 20-95% water. They are used in paints, printing inks, foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Hydrogel,In Situ Hydrogel,In Situ Hydrogels,Patterned Hydrogel,Patterned Hydrogels,Hydrogel, In Situ,Hydrogel, Patterned

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