A study was made of the peculiarities of therapy of chronic heart failure (CHF) resulting from rheumatic heart disease under low-altitude (200 patients) and high-altitude (139 patients) conditions using strophanthin (76 patients), digoxin (76 patients), myofedrin (30 patients), nitroglycerin (43 patients), nitrong (35 patients), corvaton (46 patients), hydralazine (40 patients), nifedipine (52 patients), and verapamil (31 patients). It was shown that glycoside intoxication was twice as frequent in the patients with severe CHF under high-altitude conditions requiring the use of lower doses of cardiac glycosides and more thorough medical control. Better response to nitrates, corvaton, hydralazine, and nifedipine in multimodality treatment of CHF was found in mountain dwellers. Low clinical and hemodynamic results and frequent side effects of myofedrin and verapamil were established limiting their wide use in CHF patients living under high-altitude conditions.