In the last decades the exfoliative urinary cytology has proved to be good in the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder tumors. It is a useful method in the daily practice of our urological department. We have introduced the membrane filter-cell separation technique according to Aikens and Wittekind. By this technique it is possible to produce swabs of good quality quick and simple on the spot. The use of an expensive cytocentrifuge is unnecessary. The presupposition of an effective cure of our tumor patients is the early recognition of the lesion and for this the urinary cytology is a supplementary diagnostic method. The advantages of this non-invasive method are its simplicity and the lower cost.