Biomaterial Database

Enhancement of guinea-pig intestinal peristalsis by blockade of muscarinic M1-receptors. 1988

H Schwörer, and H Kilbinger

Department of Pharmacology, University of Mainz, F.R.G.

1. The effects of pirenzepine and hyoscine on the peristaltic reflex were investigated in the guinea-pig isolated small intestine. Peristalsis was induced by raising the intraluminal pressure and the volume of fluid propelled was taken as a measure of the efficiency of peristaltic activity. 2. Low concentrations of pirenzepine (0.1-1 nM) and of hyoscine (0.01 nM) significantly enhanced peristalsis, whereas larger concentrations of both drugs caused inhibition. Pirenzepine was about 6 times less potent than hyoscine in increasing peristalsis, but was about 100 times less potent in inhibiting it. 3. Neither tolazoline (1 microM) nor naloxone (0.3 microM) affected the stimulatory action of pirenzepine on peristalsis. 4. Bicuculline increased the efficiency of peristalsis at concentrations of 1 microM and 10 microM; at 10 nM, bicuculline reduced significantly the increase of peristalsis by pirenzepine. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) did not affect peristaltic activity, but the stimulatory effect of pirenzepine was abolished in the presence of 100 microM GABA. 5. The results indicate that activation of neuronal M1-receptors causes inhibition of small intestinal peristalsis. Bicuculline-sensitive 'GABAergic' synapses are probably involved in this inhibition.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D008297	Male		Males
D010890	Pirenzepine	An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	Gastrotsepin,Gastrozepin,L-S 519,LS-519,Piren-Basan,Pirenzepin,Pirenzepin Von Ct,Pirenzepin-Ratiopharm,Pirenzepine Dihydrochloride,Pyrenzepine,Ulcoprotect,Ulgescum,Dihydrochloride, Pirenzepine,LS 519,LS519,Piren Basan,Pirenzepin Ratiopharm,Von Ct, Pirenzepin
D011976	Receptors, Muscarinic	One of the two major classes of cholinergic receptors. Muscarinic receptors were originally defined by their preference for MUSCARINE over NICOTINE. There are several subtypes (usually M1, M2, M3....) that are characterized by their cellular actions, pharmacology, and molecular biology.	Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors,Muscarinic Receptors,Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor,Muscarinic Receptor,Acetylcholine Receptor, Muscarinic,Acetylcholine Receptors, Muscarinic,Receptor, Muscarinic,Receptor, Muscarinic Acetylcholine,Receptors, Muscarinic Acetylcholine
D004357	Drug Synergism	The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.	Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D005680	gamma-Aminobutyric Acid	The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.	4-Aminobutyric Acid,GABA,4-Aminobutanoic Acid,Aminalon,Aminalone,Gammalon,Lithium GABA,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1),gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Zinc Salt (2:1),4 Aminobutanoic Acid,4 Aminobutyric Acid,Acid, Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric,GABA, Lithium,Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt
D005769	Gastrointestinal Motility	The motor activity of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.	Intestinal Motility,Gastrointestinal Motilities,Intestinal Motilities,Motilities, Gastrointestinal,Motilities, Intestinal,Motility, Gastrointestinal,Motility, Intestinal
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012601	Scopolamine	An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like ATROPINE, but may have more central nervous system effects. Its many uses include an anesthetic premedication, the treatment of URINARY INCONTINENCE and MOTION SICKNESS, an antispasmodic, and a mydriatic and cycloplegic.	Hyoscine,Scopolamine Hydrobromide,Boro-Scopol,Isopto Hyoscine,Kwells,Scoburen,Scopace,Scopoderm TTS,Scopolamine Cooper,Transderm Scop,Transderm-V,Travacalm HO,Vorigeno,Boro Scopol,Transderm V