Cone dystrophy with supernormal rod responses: A rare KCNV2 gene variant. 2022

João Esteves-Leandro, and Sónia Torres-Costa, and Sérgio Estrela-Silva, and Renato Santos-Silva, and Elisete Brandão, and Ana Grangeia, and Susana Fernandes, and Renata Oliveira, and Fernando Falcão-Reis, and Amândio Rocha-Sousa
Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal.

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical, electrophysiological, and genetic findings of three Portuguese families with a rare variant in the KCNV2 gene resulting in "cone dystrophy with supernormal rod responses" (CDSRR). METHODS Retrospective clinical revision of five individuals from three unrelated families with CDSRR. Ophthalmological examination was described in all patients and included color vision testing, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging, spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), pattern electroretinogram (ERG), and full-field ERG. The mutational screening of the KCNV2 gene was performed with Sanger and Next Generation Sequencing. RESULTS All patients showed childhood-onset photophobia and progressive visual acuity loss with varying degrees of severity. In multimodal imaging, various degrees of retinal pigment epithelium disturbances and outer retinal atrophy, which tend to be worst with advancing age, were observed. Molecular screening identified a rare presumed truncating variant (p.Glu209Ter) in homozygosity in two families and in compound heterozygosity in a third family. Three patients showed ERG changes characteristic of CDSRR, however, two patients presented with incomplete electrophysiological features of the disease. CONCLUSIONS A rare variant in the KCNV2 gene was identified in five patients from three Portuguese families. This variant often leads to a severe and progressive form of retinopathy. Considerable variability in the ERG responses among patients with this KCNV2 variant was observed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011174 Portugal A country in southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain. The capital is Lisbon. Madeira Island,Portuguese Republic
D004596 Electroretinography Recording of electric potentials in the retina after stimulation by light. Electroretinographies
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077765 Cone Dystrophy A general term which describes a group of rare eye disorders that affect the cone cells of the RETINA. Cone dystrophy can cause a variety of symptoms including decreased visual clarity or acuity when looking straight ahead (central vision), a reduced ability to see colors, and an increased sensitivity to light (PHOTOPHOBIA). Progressive Cone Dystrophy,Stationary Cone Dystrophy,Cone Dystrophies,Cone Dystrophies, Progressive,Cone Dystrophies, Stationary,Cone Dystrophy, Progressive,Cone Dystrophy, Stationary,Dystrophies, Cone,Dystrophies, Progressive Cone,Dystrophies, Stationary Cone,Dystrophy, Cone,Dystrophy, Progressive Cone,Dystrophy, Stationary Cone,Progressive Cone Dystrophies,Stationary Cone Dystrophies
D012174 Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina. Pigmentary Retinopathy,Tapetoretinal Degeneration,Pigmentary Retinopathies,Retinopathies, Pigmentary,Retinopathy, Pigmentary,Tapetoretinal Degenerations
D012189 Retrospective Studies Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons. Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D024642 Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated Potassium channel whose permeability to ions is extremely sensitive to the transmembrane potential difference. The opening of these channels is induced by the membrane depolarization of the ACTION POTENTIAL. Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels,Kv Potassium Channels,Potassium Channel, Voltage-Gated,Voltage-Gated K+ Channels,Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel,K+ Channels, Voltage-Gated,Potassium Channel, Voltage Gated,Potassium Channels, Kv,Potassium Channels, Voltage Gated,Voltage Gated K+ Channels,Voltage Gated Potassium Channel,Voltage Gated Potassium Channels
D041623 Tomography, Optical Coherence An imaging method using LASERS that is used for mapping subsurface structure. When a reflective site in the sample is at the same optical path length (coherence) as the reference mirror, the detector observes interference fringes. OCT Tomography,Optical Coherence Tomography,Coherence Tomography, Optical,Tomography, OCT

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