Diurnal rhythm of blood pressure among Nigerians with hypertension using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. 2020

Ifeoluwa Amjo, and Rasaaq Ayodele Adebayo, and Olumide Akinniyi Akinyele, and Oladiipo Ayoola Olanipekun, and Obafemi Sunday Adesanya, and Oyeronke Titilope Williams, and Suraj Adefabi Ogunyemi, and Anthony Olubunmi Akintomide, and Olufemi Eyitayo Ajayi, and Michael Olabode Balogun, and Busayo Onafowoke Oguntola, and Ikponmwosa Godfrey Akhionbare, and Lukman Obasanjo Adebiyi
Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND hypertension is the most common cardiac disease in Nigeria. There are very limited studies in Nigeria on the use of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM) for evaluation of hypertensive patients. Twenty four-hour ABPM, unlike office blood pressure (OBP), can assess diurnal variation using parameters like awake blood pressure (BP), asleep (nocturnal) BP, mean 24-hour BP and dipping pattern. This can help in assessment of increased cardiovascular risk and management of hypertensive patients. We purposed to assess the diurnal rhythm of BP among Nigerians with hypertension. METHODS this was a prospective cross-sectional study. Consecutive 77 hypertensive subjects were studied using Schiller MT-300 for 24-h ABPM. RESULTS out of the 77 patients reviewed, 39 (50.6%) were females. The mean age was 50.9 years (SD 13.5). The mean awake systolic and diastolic BP were 135.6mmHg (SD 15.0) and 83.2mmHg (SD 10.0) respectively; mean asleep systolic and diastolic BP were 127.6mmHg (SD 17.9) and 76.2mmHg (SD 12.2) respectively; and mean 24-h systolic and diastolic BP were 133.6mmHg (SD 15.3) and 81.4mmHg (SD 10.2) respectively. Awake BP was elevated in 59.7% of study subjects. Elevated awake systolic BP and awake diastolic BP were present in 50.6% and 41.6% of the study population. Nocturnal (asleep) BP was elevated in 79.2%. Non-dipping pattern was the most prevalent pattern at 55.8%, followed by dipping (24.7%), reverse dipping (15.6%) and extreme dipping (3.9%). CONCLUSIONS a high proportion had nocturnal hypertension (79.2%) and non-dipping pattern was the most prevalent pattern (55.8%). Mean awake systolic BP, mean asleep systolic and diastolic BP and mean 24-h systolic and diastolic BP were elevated. The use of 24-h ABPM will enhance assessment of increased cardiovascular risk and management of Nigerians with hypertension.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009549 Nigeria A republic in western Africa, south of NIGER between BENIN and CAMEROON. Its capital is Abuja. Federal Republic of Nigeria
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002940 Circadian Rhythm The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs or environmental and physiological stimuli. Diurnal Rhythm,Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythm,Nycthemeral Rhythm,Circadian Rhythms,Diurnal Rhythms,Nycthemeral Rhythms,Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Rhythm, Circadian,Rhythm, Diurnal,Rhythm, Nycthemeral,Rhythm, Nyctohemeral,Rhythm, Twenty-Four Hour,Rhythms, Circadian,Rhythms, Diurnal,Rhythms, Nycthemeral,Rhythms, Nyctohemeral,Rhythms, Twenty-Four Hour,Twenty Four Hour Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythms
D003430 Cross-Sectional Studies Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time. Disease Frequency Surveys,Prevalence Studies,Analysis, Cross-Sectional,Cross Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Survey,Surveys, Disease Frequency,Analyses, Cross Sectional,Analyses, Cross-Sectional,Analysis, Cross Sectional,Cross Sectional Analyses,Cross Sectional Studies,Cross Sectional Survey,Cross-Sectional Analyses,Cross-Sectional Analysis,Cross-Sectional Study,Cross-Sectional Surveys,Disease Frequency Survey,Prevalence Study,Studies, Cross-Sectional,Studies, Prevalence,Study, Cross-Sectional,Study, Prevalence,Survey, Cross-Sectional,Survey, Disease Frequency,Surveys, Cross-Sectional
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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