A series of 5-aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones was prepared and evaluated for potential antidepressant activity. Members of this series were generally prepared by the alkaline ring closures of the corresponding 1-aroylthiosemicarbazides. Several members of this series were potent antagonists of both RO 4-1284-induced hypothermia and reserpine-induced ptosis in mice. In general the more active members of this series were substituted by haloaryl groups at the 5-position of the triazole nucleus and by methyl groups at the 2- and 4-positions. Exchange of the thiocarbonyl group at the 3-position for a carbonyl group resulted in the complete loss of activity. Biochemical evaluation of the more active members of this series indicated that the aforementioned activities were not a consequence of either norepinephrine (NE) uptake or monoamine oxidase inhibition. In an attempt to determine a mechanism of action, one member of this series, compound 22, was selected for further evaluation in an electrophysiological model where it was found to reduce norepinephrine function in the cerebellum as measured by the NE augmentation of GABA inhibition of Purkinje neurons.