mRNA vaccination boosts cross-variant neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2021

Leonidas Stamatatos, and Julie Czartoski, and Yu-Hsin Wan, and Leah J Homad, and Vanessa Rubin, and Hayley Glantz, and Moni Neradilek, and Emilie Seydoux, and Madeleine F Jennewein, and Anna J MacCamy, and Junli Feng, and Gregory Mize, and Stephen C De Rosa, and Andrés Finzi, and Maria P Lemos, and Kristen W Cohen, and Zoe Moodie, and M Juliana McElrath, and Andrew T McGuire
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Seattle, WA, USA. amcguire@fredhutch.org lstamata@fredhutch.org jmcelrat@fredhutch.org.

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants have raised concerns about resistance to neutralizing antibodies elicited by previous infection or vaccination. We examined whether sera from recovered and naïve donors collected prior to, and following immunizations with existing mRNA vaccines, could neutralize the Wuhan-Hu-1 and B.1.351 variants. Pre-vaccination sera from recovered donors neutralized Wuhan-Hu-1 and sporadically neutralized B.1.351, but a single immunization boosted neutralizing titers against all variants and SARS-CoV-1 by up to 1000-fold. Neutralization was due to antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain and was not boosted by a second immunization. Immunization of naïve donors also elicited cross-neutralizing responses, but at lower titers. Our study highlights the importance of vaccinating both uninfected and previously infected persons to elicit cross-variant neutralizing antibodies.

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