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Genetic diversity of Japanese quail cathelicidins. 2021

Taichiro Ishige, and Hiromi Hara, and Takashi Hirano, and Tomohiro Kono, and Kei Hanzawa
NODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo.

Japanese quail is a low-fat, meat-bird species exhibiting high disease resistance. Cathelicidins (CATHs) are host defense peptides conserved across numerous vertebrate species that play an important role in innate immunity. The activity of host defense peptides can be affected by amino acid substitutions. However, no polymorphisms in avian CATH genes have been reported to date. The aim of this study was to clarify the polymorphisms in CATHs in Japanese quail. DNA for genomic analyses was extracted from the peripheral blood of 99 randomly selected quail from 6 inbred lines. A total of 6, 4, 6, and 4 CjCATH1, -2, -3, and -B1 alleles were identified, respectively. Nine haplotypes, including 4 strain-specific haplotypes, were identified by combining alleles at the CjCATH1, -2, -3, and -B1 loci. In addition, 2 and 1 amino acid substitutions (I145F, Q148H, and P245H) predicted by PROVEAN and PolyPhen-2 to have deleterious effects were detected in CjCATH2 and -B1, respectively. Synthetic CjCATH2 and -B1 peptides exhibited greater antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli than chicken CATH2 and -B1, respectively. Furthermore, the CjCATHB1∗04 peptide exhibited less potent antimicrobial activity than other CjCATHB1 peptides examined. This is the first report of amino acid substitutions accompanied by changes in antibacterial activity in avian CATHs. These findings could be employed as indicators of improvements in innate immune response in poultry.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003370 Coturnix A genus of BIRDS in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES, containing the common European and other Old World QUAIL. Japanese Quail,Coturnix japonica,Japanese Quails,Quail, Japanese,Quails, Japanese
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D054804 Cathelicidins Antimicrobial cationic peptides with a highly conserved amino terminal cathelin-like domain and a more variable carboxy terminal domain. They are initially synthesized as preproproteins and then cleaved. They are expressed in many tissues of humans and localized to EPITHELIAL CELLS. They kill nonviral pathogens by forming pores in membranes. ALL-38 Peptide,Antibacterial Peptide LL-37,Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37,Bac4 Protein, Bos taurus,CAP18 Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein,CATH-1 Protein,Cathelicidin,Cathelicidin 1,Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide,Cathelicidin LL-37,Cathelicidin-1,Cathelin-Like Protein,Cathelin-Related Antimicrobial Peptide,LL-37 Antibacterial Peptide,LL-37 Peptide,Myeloid Cathelicidin 1 Protein, Equus caballus,Ropocamptide,eCATH-1,hCAP-18,CAP-18,CAP18,FA-LL-37,K9CATH,eCATH-1 protein, Equus caballus,ALL 38 Peptide,Antibacterial Peptide LL 37,Antibacterial Peptide, LL-37,Antimicrobial Peptide LL 37,Antimicrobial Peptide, Cathelin-Related,CAP 18,CAP18 Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein,CATH 1 Protein,Cathelicidin LL 37,FA LL 37,LL 37 Antibacterial Peptide,LL 37 Peptide,LL-37, Antibacterial Peptide,LL-37, Antimicrobial Peptide,LL-37, Cathelicidin,Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein, CAP18,Peptide LL-37, Antibacterial,Peptide LL-37, Antimicrobial,Peptide, ALL-38,Peptide, Cathelin-Related Antimicrobial,Peptide, LL-37,Peptide, LL-37 Antibacterial,Protein, CAP18 Lipopolysaccharide-Binding,Protein, CATH-1,Protein, Cathelin-Like,eCATH 1,eCATH 1 protein, Equus caballus,hCAP 18

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