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Recent Advances in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms and Potential Treatments. 2022

Yi Du, and Kaijun Li, and Wei Liu, and Ruitong Song, and Meifeng Luo, and Jianfeng He, and Xiaoyu Xu, and Xiaosheng Qu
Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530021, Nanning,China.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an acute or subacute demyelinating disease that affects mainly the optic nerve and spinal cord. A major proportion of NMOSD cases have a relationship with autoimmunity to aquaporin 4 (AQP4) found on the central nervous system. NMOSD can occur repeatedly, causing symptoms such as decreased vision and weakness of limbs. The main goal of the current therapy is to relieve acute symptoms and prevent recurrence of the disease. Without timely and appropriate treatment, the recurrence and disability rates are high. In the present work, we review recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with NMOSD, as well as the pathogenesis and mechanisms of AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009471 Neuromyelitis Optica A syndrome characterized by acute OPTIC NEURITIS; MYELITIS, TRANSVERSE; demyelinating and/or necrotizing lesions in the OPTIC NERVES and SPINAL CORD; and presence of specific autoantibodies to AQUAPORIN 4. Devic Disease,Devic's Neuromyelitis Optica,Devic Neuromyelitis Optica,Devic Syndrome,Devic's Disease,Devic's Syndrome,NMO Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) Spectrum Disorders,Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder,Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders,Devic Neuromyelitis Opticas,Devics Disease,Devics Neuromyelitis Optica,Devics Syndrome,Disease, Devic,Disease, Devic's,NMO Spectrum Disorders,Neuromyelitis Optica, Devic,Neuromyelitis Optica, Devic's,Neuromyelitis Opticas, Devic,Syndrome, Devic,Syndrome, Devic's
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001323 Autoantibodies Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them. Autoantibody
D013116 Spinal Cord A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER. Coccygeal Cord,Conus Medullaris,Conus Terminalis,Lumbar Cord,Medulla Spinalis,Myelon,Sacral Cord,Thoracic Cord,Coccygeal Cords,Conus Medullari,Conus Terminali,Cord, Coccygeal,Cord, Lumbar,Cord, Sacral,Cord, Spinal,Cord, Thoracic,Cords, Coccygeal,Cords, Lumbar,Cords, Sacral,Cords, Spinal,Cords, Thoracic,Lumbar Cords,Medulla Spinali,Medullari, Conus,Medullaris, Conus,Myelons,Sacral Cords,Spinal Cords,Spinali, Medulla,Spinalis, Medulla,Terminali, Conus,Terminalis, Conus,Thoracic Cords
D051401 Aquaporin 4 Aquaporin 4 is the major water-selective channel in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM of mammals. AQP4 Protein,Aquaporin 4 Protein

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