Biomaterial Database

Sensitized effect of prestimulation on insulin release from the perifused rat islets with a slow-rise glucose stimulation. 1977

K Kobayashi, and Y Tsumura, and H Ise, and S Kagawa, and A Matsuoka

The sensitized effect of prestimulation with 16.7 mM glucose on insulin release with a slow-rise glucose stimulation from the perifused rat islets of Langerhans was studied, together with the kinetic analysis of insulin release, and the interrelationship between the prestimulation time and the maximal rate of insulin release. All dose-response relationships which were derived from the dynamics of insulin release from islets prestimulated over various time periods within 60 min, showed sigmoidal profiles. Kinetic analyses were performed with Lineweaver-Burk's and Hill's equations. The 30-min prestimulation significantly reduced Hill's constant (n) from 6.2 +/- 0.7 of the control to 3.7 +/- 0.6 (p less than 0.05) and also enhanced the logarithmic equilibrium constant (log K) from -5.4 +/- 0.6 mM-n to -3.7 +/- 0.6 mM-n (p less than 0.05). However, the Km value was almost the same as that of the control (7.3 +/- 0.5 mM). On the other hand, the 60-min prestimulation remarkably diminished the Km value and the maximal rate of insulin release to 5.3 +/- 0.4 mM (p less than 0.05) and 0.6 +/- 0.08 muU/ml/islet/min (p less than 0.005), respectively. The maximal rate of insulin release linearly increased in proportion to the prestimulation time within 30 min. In conclusion, these results suggested that there would be some regularity depending on the prestimulation time in the process of transmission of the insulin-releasing signal in the pancreatic B cell and the accumulation of insulin into the provisional pool such as the labile insulin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D007515	Islets of Langerhans	Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.	Islands of Langerhans,Islet Cells,Nesidioblasts,Pancreas, Endocrine,Pancreatic Islets,Cell, Islet,Cells, Islet,Endocrine Pancreas,Islet Cell,Islet, Pancreatic,Islets, Pancreatic,Langerhans Islands,Langerhans Islets,Nesidioblast,Pancreatic Islet
D008297	Male		Males
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D000078790	Insulin Secretion	Production and release of insulin from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS that primarily occurs in response to elevated BLOOD GLUCOSE levels.	Secretion, Insulin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012636	Secretory Rate	The amount of a substance secreted by cells or by a specific organ or organism over a given period of time; usually applies to those substances which are formed by glandular tissues and are released by them into biological fluids, e.g., secretory rate of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex, secretory rate of gastric acid by the gastric mucosa.	Rate, Secretory,Rates, Secretory,Secretory Rates
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In