Biomaterial Database

Exercise-induced muscle damage, repair, and adaptation in old and young subjects. 1988

P M Clarkson, and M E Dedrick

Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts.

This study examined exercise-induced muscle damage, repair, and adaptation in 10 college age women and 10 women over age 60. On two sessions spaced 7 days apart, subjects performed an eccentric exercise of the forearm flexors consisting of 24 muscle actions at an intensity of 115% of isometric strength. Serum creatine kinase activity, flexed and relaxed elbow joint angles, and muscle pain were assessed prior to and for 5 days after each exercise session. The exercise resulted in similar changes in CK, muscle pain, and inability to fully flex the forearm for old and young subjects. The old group demonstrated greater muscle shortening (a decrease in the relaxed elbow joint angle). The old and young groups adapted to the first exercise such that changes in all criterion measures were reduced following the second exercise. For the physically active subjects in this study, the damage process (with the exception of muscle shortening) takes a similar course for old and young. The repair process is equally as effective in old and young, and older subjects show the same ability to adapt to the damage as young subjects.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009135	Muscular Diseases	Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.	Muscle Disorders,Myopathies,Myopathic Conditions,Muscle Disorder,Muscular Disease,Myopathic Condition,Myopathy
D012038	Regeneration	The physiological renewal, repair, or replacement of tissue.	Endogenous Regeneration,Regeneration, Endogenous,Regenerations
D003402	Creatine Kinase	A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.	Creatine Phosphokinase,ADP Phosphocreatine Phosphotransferase,ATP Creatine Phosphotransferase,Macro-Creatine Kinase,Creatine Phosphotransferase, ATP,Kinase, Creatine,Macro Creatine Kinase,Phosphocreatine Phosphotransferase, ADP,Phosphokinase, Creatine,Phosphotransferase, ADP Phosphocreatine,Phosphotransferase, ATP Creatine
D005082	Physical Exertion	Expenditure of energy during PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEAT produced, or HEART RATE. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included.	Physical Effort,Effort, Physical,Efforts, Physical,Exertion, Physical,Exertions, Physical,Physical Efforts,Physical Exertions
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000222	Adaptation, Physiological	The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.	Adaptation, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiological,Adaptive Plasticity,Phenotypic Plasticity,Physiological Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptations,Physiological Adaptations,Plasticity, Adaptive,Plasticity, Phenotypic