Complete remission of advanced low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after aromatase inhibitor therapy: a case report. 2021

Omar F Altal, and Ahmed H Al Sharie, and Omar M Halalsheh, and Nour Tashtush, and Sarat Shaban, and Mahmoud Alfaqih, and Abdelwahab Aleshawi
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, King Abdullah University Hospital, P. O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan. altal_omar@yahoo.com.

BACKGROUND Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is a rare neoplastic growth in the uterine cavity, representing less than 1% of uterine tumors. Such tumors usually affect premenopausal and perimenopausal women, with a mean age of 46 years. Treatment generally starts with surgical resection of the tumor, followed by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormonal therapy. METHODS In the current report, we again present a case of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma in a 51-year-old Mediterranean woman presenting with abdominopelvic pain. Computed tomography scan revealed a primary uterine tumor measuring 17 × 9 × 9 cm metastasizing to the lungs, bladder, and ureteral orifice, along with lymphovascular involvement. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, omentectomy, and lymph node dissection. Estrogen deprivation was accomplished by bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Lifelong hormonal therapy consisting of letrozole 2.5 mg per day was prescribed, which demonstrated remarkable efficacy, resulting in a partial remission of lung metastasis within 8 months after surgery. Full remission was observed after 18 months of hormonal therapy, with no recurrence. Another scan was performed after 2.5 years, revealing complete remission with no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS We again report a case of complete remission of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after surgical removal of the tumor along with first-line hormonal therapy without the use of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, emphasizing the role of hormonal therapy in the treatment of such tumors.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009364 Neoplasm Recurrence, Local The local recurrence of a neoplasm following treatment. It arises from microscopic cells of the original neoplasm that have escaped therapeutic intervention and later become clinically visible at the original site. Local Neoplasm Recurrence,Local Neoplasm Recurrences,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrence,Neoplasm Recurrence, Locoregional,Neoplasm Recurrences, Local,Recurrence, Local Neoplasm,Recurrence, Locoregional Neoplasm,Recurrences, Local Neoplasm,Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrences,Neoplasm Recurrences, Locoregional,Recurrences, Locoregional Neoplasm
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077289 Letrozole A triazole and benzonitrile derivative that is a selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, similar to ANASTROZOLE. It is used in the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. 4,4'-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methylene)-bis(benzonitrile),CGS 20267,CGS-20267,Femara,Fémara,CGS20267
D016889 Endometrial Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells. Cancer of Endometrium,Endometrial Cancer,Endometrial Carcinoma,Cancer of the Endometrium,Carcinoma of Endometrium,Endometrium Cancer,Neoplasms, Endometrial,Cancer, Endometrial,Cancer, Endometrium,Cancers, Endometrial,Cancers, Endometrium,Carcinoma, Endometrial,Carcinomas, Endometrial,Endometrial Cancers,Endometrial Carcinomas,Endometrial Neoplasm,Endometrium Cancers,Endometrium Carcinoma,Endometrium Carcinomas,Neoplasm, Endometrial
D047072 Aromatase Inhibitors Compounds that inhibit AROMATASE in order to reduce production of estrogenic steroid hormones. Aromatase Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Aromatase,Inhibitors, Aromatase
D018203 Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal A highly malignant subset of neoplasms arising from the endometrial stroma. Tumors in this group infiltrate the stroma with a wide range of atypia cells and numerous mitoses. They are capable of widespread metastases (NEOPLASM METASTASIS). Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma,Endometrial Stromal Sarcomas,Sarcomas, Endometrial Stromal,Stromal Sarcoma, Endometrial,Stromal Sarcomas, Endometrial

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