Biomaterial Database

Rhododendrol-induced leukoderma update II: Pathophysiology, mechanisms, risk evaluation, and possible mechanism-based treatments in comparison with vitiligo. 2021

Shintaro Inoue, and Ichiro Katayama, and Tamio Suzuki, and Atsushi Tanemura, and Shosuke Ito, and Yuko Abe, and Yasuyuki Sumikawa, and Momoko Yoshikawa, and Kayoko Suzuki, and Akiko Yagami, and Yukiko Masui, and Akiko Ito, and Kayoko Matsunaga

Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.

A small proportion of individuals utilizing cosmetics containing rhododendrol developed leukoderma with various pathological conditions, in some cases indistinguishable from vitiligo. In this review, we investigate and evaluate the major considerations for developing rhododendrol-induced leukoderma based on data from original or review articles published in the literature to provide a wide range of information regarding the pathophysiology, mechanisms, risk evaluation, and possible mechanism-based treatments. We compile and discuss the latest information, including data related to the cytotoxicity of rhododendrol, cytoprotective functions, and involvement of the immune system, and consider the possibility of novel treatments based on the differences between individual patients and on the mechanism underlying the onset of the condition. Understanding the pathophysiology of rhododendrol-induced leukoderma helps not only elucidate the mechanisms of non-segmental vitiligo onset and progression, but also suggests prevention and treatment.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008544	Melanocytes	Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES.	Melanocyte
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000440	Butanols	Isomeric forms and derivatives of butanol (C4H9OH).	Alcohols, Butyl,Butanol,Butylhydroxides,Hydroxybutanes,Butyl Alcohols
D014820	Vitiligo	A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.
D017496	Hypopigmentation	A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections.	Hypomelanosis,Hypomelanoses