Biomaterial Database

Clinicopathological study of germinal matrix hemorrhage, pontosubicular necrosis, and periventricular leukomalacia in stillborn. 1988

K Skullerud, and J Skjaeraasen

Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.

The occurrence of germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH), pontosubicular necrosis (PSN), and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was evaluated in 58 stillborn, among whom 23 (40%) showed one or more lesions. A comparative study of neuropathological findings and obstetrical histories in stillborn beyond 26 weeks of gestation showed a greater frequency of damage when the pregnancies had been complicated. The pathogenesis of PSN is disputed. As PSN was found in stillborn (13 cases), hyperoxia is not an essential pathogenetic factor. PSN may represent a form of anoxic encephalopathy. However, PSN was found as an isolated lesion in an infant of a diabetic mother and in most cases of intrauterine growth retardation; hypoglycemia may therefore be involved in the pathogenesis. Ultrasound examinations of living neonates have indicated the prenatal occurrence of GMH in some cases, and our study opens the possibility that there is intrauterine involvement of PVL and PSN as well. Consequently, cerebral lesions diagnosed in newborn may have occurred in utero.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007744	Obstetric Labor Complications	Medical problems associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR, such as BREECH PRESENTATION; PREMATURE OBSTETRIC LABOR; HEMORRHAGE; or others. These complications can affect the well-being of the mother, the FETUS, or both.	Complications, Labor,Labor Complications,Complication, Labor,Complication, Obstetric Labor,Complications, Obstetric Labor,Labor Complication,Labor Complication, Obstetric,Labor Complications, Obstetric,Obstetric Labor Complication
D007969	Leukomalacia, Periventricular	Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)	Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia,Encephalomalacia, Periventricular,Neonatal Cerebral Leukomalacia,Periventricular Leukomalacia,Leucomalacia, Periventricular,Cerebral Leukomalacia, Neonatal,Cerebral Leukomalacias, Neonatal,Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacias,Encephalomalacias, Periventricular,Leucomalacias, Periventricular,Leukomalacia, Cystic Periventricular,Leukomalacia, Neonatal Cerebral,Leukomalacias, Cystic Periventricular,Leukomalacias, Neonatal Cerebral,Leukomalacias, Periventricular,Neonatal Cerebral Leukomalacias,Periventricular Encephalomalacia,Periventricular Encephalomalacias,Periventricular Leucomalacia,Periventricular Leucomalacias,Periventricular Leukomalacia, Cystic,Periventricular Leukomalacias,Periventricular Leukomalacias, Cystic
D009336	Necrosis	The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.
D011149	Pons	The front part of the hindbrain (RHOMBENCEPHALON) that lies between the MEDULLA and the midbrain (MESENCEPHALON) ventral to the cerebellum. It is composed of two parts, the dorsal and the ventral. The pons serves as a relay station for neural pathways between the CEREBELLUM to the CEREBRUM.	Pons Varolii,Ponte,Pons Varolius,Pontes,Varolii, Pons,Varolius, Pons
D011225	Pre-Eclampsia	A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease.	Toxemias, Pregnancy,EPH Complex,EPH Gestosis,EPH Toxemias,Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis,Gestosis, EPH,Hypertension-Edema-Proteinuria Gestosis,Preeclampsia,Preeclampsia Eclampsia 1,Pregnancy Toxemias,Proteinuria-Edema-Hypertension Gestosis,Toxemia Of Pregnancy,1, Preeclampsia Eclampsia,1s, Preeclampsia Eclampsia,EPH Toxemia,Eclampsia 1, Preeclampsia,Eclampsia 1s, Preeclampsia,Edema Proteinuria Hypertension Gestosis,Gestosis, Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension,Gestosis, Hypertension-Edema-Proteinuria,Gestosis, Proteinuria-Edema-Hypertension,Hypertension Edema Proteinuria Gestosis,Of Pregnancies, Toxemia,Of Pregnancy, Toxemia,Pre Eclampsia,Preeclampsia Eclampsia 1s,Pregnancies, Toxemia Of,Pregnancy Toxemia,Pregnancy, Toxemia Of,Proteinuria Edema Hypertension Gestosis,Toxemia Of Pregnancies,Toxemia, EPH,Toxemia, Pregnancy,Toxemias, EPH
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D004678	Encephalomalacia	Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995 Mar;54(2):268-75)	Cerebromalacia,Encephalomalacia, Multicystic,Multicystic Encephalomalacia,Cerebromalacias,Encephalomalacias,Encephalomalacias, Multicystic,Multicystic Encephalomalacias
D005260	Female		Females
D005313	Fetal Death	Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	Fetal Mummification,Fetal Demise,Death, Fetal,Deaths, Fetal,Demise, Fetal,Fetal Deaths,Mummification, Fetal