Biomaterial Database

Investigation of Mitochondrial ADP-Ribosylation Via Immunofluorescence. 2021

Ann-Katrin Hopp, and Michael O Hottiger

Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

ADP-ribosylation is a posttranslational protein modification, involved in various cellular processes, ranging from DNA-damage repair to apoptosis. While its function has been studied amply with respect to genotoxic stress-associated nuclear ADP-ribosylation, the functional relevance of mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation remains so far poorly studied. This is mainly attributed to the absence of powerful techniques able to detect the modification. However, the usage of recently developed anti-ADP-ribose-specific antibodies allows now to investigate mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In the below method, we describe in detail how to efficiently detect and quantify mitochondrial ADP-ribosylation via immunofluorescence.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008928	Mitochondria	Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D005455	Fluorescent Antibody Technique	Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.	Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000074744	ADP-Ribosylation	Post-translational modification of proteins with ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE.	(ADP-Ribosyl)ation,(ADPRibosyl)ation,ADP Ribosylation,ADPRibosylation,MARylation,Mono ADPRibosylation,Mono(ADP-Ribosyl)ation,Mono(ADPRibosyl)ation,Mono-ADP-Ribosylation,Mono-ADPRibosylation,MonoADPRibosylation,ADP Ribosylations,ADP-Ribosylations,ADPRibosylation, Mono,ADPRibosylations,ADPRibosylations, Mono,MARylations,Mono ADP Ribosylation,Mono ADPRibosylations,Mono-ADP-Ribosylations,Mono-ADPRibosylations,MonoADPRibosylations,Ribosylation, ADP,Ribosylations, ADP
D000246	Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose	An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins.	ADP Ribose,Adenosine Diphosphoribose,ADP-Ribose,ADPribose,Adenosine 5'-Diphosphoribose,5'-Diphosphoribose, Adenosine,Adenosine 5' Diphosphoribose,Diphosphate Ribose, Adenosine,Diphosphoribose, Adenosine,Ribose, ADP,Ribose, Adenosine Diphosphate
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia