Cloning of the two chalcone flavanone isomerase genes from Petunia hybrida: coordinate, light-regulated and differential expression of flavonoid genes. 1988

A J van Tunen, and R E Koes, and C E Spelt, and A R van der Krol, and A R Stuitje, and J N Mol
Department of Applied Genetics, Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

In this paper we report the isolation of cDNA clones encoding the flavonoid-biosynthetic enzyme chalcone flavanone isomerase (CHI) from Petunia hybrida. A nearly full size cDNA clone, isolated from a corolla-specific expression library, was characterized by sequence analysis. Using this CHI cDNA and the previously cloned flavonoid-specific chalcone synthase (CHS) cDNA we show that CHI and CHS genes are coordinately and tissue-specifically expressed in a developmental and light-regulated manner. Furthermore, coordinate induction of both mRNAs is observed after continuous irradiation of Petunia plantlets with UV light, probably as part of the plants UV defence mechanism. The two CHI genes, denoted A and B, were isolated from a genomic library of the Petunia inbred line V30. Both genes are transcriptionally active: gene A is transcribed in corolla, tube and UV-irradiated plantlets (1.0 kb mRNA), whereas gene B is only transcribed in immature anthers (1.0 kb mRNA). In combination with Southern blot analysis these data implicate the presence of two distinct non-allelic CHI genes in the genome of the P. hybrida line V30. Unexpectedly, mature anthers accumulate a 0.3 kb larger CHI RNA. This RNA is transcribed from CHI gene A and has a 0.3 kb 5' extension relative to the gene A transcript found in corolla tissue. Furthermore it is neither coordinately expressed with CHS mRNA nor UV inducible. Its biological function is still obscure, since no active CHI enzyme could be demonstrated in the same tissue.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007535 Isomerases A class of enzymes that catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule to form a single product. The reactions do not involve a net change in the concentrations of compounds other than the substrate and the product.(from Dorland, 28th ed) EC 5. Isomerase
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010944 Plants Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae. Plants acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations. It is a non-taxonomical term most often referring to LAND PLANTS. In broad sense it includes RHODOPHYTA and GLAUCOPHYTA along with VIRIDIPLANTAE. Plant
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D000217 Acyltransferases Enzymes from the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of acyl groups from donor to acceptor, forming either esters or amides. (From Enzyme Nomenclature 1992) EC 2.3. Acyltransferase
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D019753 Intramolecular Lyases Enzymes of the isomerase class that catalyze reactions in which a group can be regarded as eliminated from one part of a molecule, leaving a double bond, while remaining covalently attached to the molecule. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 5.5. Lyases, Intramolecular

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