[Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm into the duodenum: uncommon cause of massive gastrointestinal bleeding]. 2021

Leopoldo Marine, and Renato Mertens, and Ignacio Torrealba, and Francisco Valdés, and Michel Bergoeing, and Francisco Vargas, and Hugo Yáñez
Departamento de Cirugía Vascular y Endovascular, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Primary aortoenteric fistula is the spontaneous communication between the lumen of the aorta and a portion of the digestive tract. The most common cause is the erosion of an abdominal aortic aneurysm into the 3rd or 4th portion of the duodenum. It manifests clinically as gastrointestinal bleeding, with or without abdominal pain and a pulsatile abdominal mass on physical exam. Gastrointestinal bleeding is initially recurrent and self-limiting and progresses to fatal exsanguinating hemorrhage. Endoscopic examination diagnoses only 25% of aortoenteric fistulas because these are usually located in the distal duodenum. Contrast computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis is diagnostic in only 60% of cases. We report three cases with this condition. A 67-year-old male presenting with an upper gastrointestinal bleeding. He was operated and a communication between an aortic aneurysm and the duodenum was found and surgically repaired. The patient is well. A 67-year-old male with an abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting with abdominal pain. He was operated and anticoagulated. In the postoperative period he had a massive gastrointestinal bleeding and a new CAT scan revealed an aorto enteric fistula that was surgically repaired. The patient is well. An 82-year-old male with an abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting with hematochezia. A CAT scan revealed a communication between the aneurysm and the third portion of the duodenum, that was surgically repaired. The patient died in the eighth postoperative day.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007412 Intestinal Fistula An abnormal anatomical passage between the INTESTINE, and another segment of the intestine or other organs. External intestinal fistula is connected to the SKIN (enterocutaneous fistula). Internal intestinal fistula can be connected to a number of organs, such as STOMACH (gastrocolic fistula), the BILIARY TRACT (cholecystoduodenal fistula), or the URINARY BLADDER of the URINARY TRACT (colovesical fistula). Risk factors include inflammatory processes, cancer, radiation treatment, and surgical misadventures (MEDICAL ERRORS). Cholecystoduodenal Fistula,Colovesical Fistula,Enterocutaneous Fistula,Fistula, Cholecystoduodenal,Fistula, Colovesical,Fistula, Enterocutaneous,Fistula, Intestinal
D008297 Male Males
D004378 Duodenal Diseases Pathological conditions in the DUODENUM region of the small intestine (INTESTINE, SMALL). Disease, Duodenal,Diseases, Duodenal,Duodenal Disease
D004386 Duodenum The shortest and widest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE adjacent to the PYLORUS of the STOMACH. It is named for having the length equal to about the width of 12 fingers. Duodenums
D006471 Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. Hematochezia,Hemorrhage, Gastrointestinal,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhages,Hematochezias
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001012 Aorta, Abdominal The aorta from the DIAPHRAGM to the bifurcation into the right and left common iliac arteries. Abdominal Aorta,Abdominal Aortas,Aortas, Abdominal
D001018 Aortic Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the AORTA. Aortic Disease,Disease, Aortic,Diseases, Aortic
D001019 Aortic Rupture The tearing or bursting of the wall along any portion of the AORTA, such as thoracic or abdominal. It may result from the rupture of an aneurysm or it may be due to TRAUMA. Aortic Aneurysm, Ruptured,Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm,Aneurysm, Ruptured Aortic,Aneurysms, Ruptured Aortic,Aortic Aneurysms, Ruptured,Aortic Ruptures,Rupture, Aortic,Ruptured Aortic Aneurysms,Ruptures, Aortic
D016157 Vascular Fistula An abnormal passage between two or more BLOOD VESSELS, between ARTERIES; VEINS; or between an artery and a vein. Fistula, Vascular,Fistulas, Vascular,Vascular Fistulas

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