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Variances in BCG protection against COVID-19 mortality: A global assessment. 2021
Zouina Sarfraz, and
Azza Sarfraz, and
Krunal Pandav, and
Sarabjot Singh Makkar, and
Saman Hasan Siddiqui, and
Gaurav Patel, and
Tania Platero-Portillo, and
Bishnu Mohan Singh, and
Mohamed Iburahim Haja Maideen, and
Deepika Sarvepalli, and
Muzna Sarfraz, and
Jose Cardona-Guzman, and
Marcos A Sanchez-Gonzalez, and
Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
Division of Research & Academic Affairs, Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA.
The BCG vaccine is known to impart nonspecific immunological benefits alongside conferring protection to tuberculosis in endemic regions. It is also known to protect against bladder cancer and other respiratory tract infections. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the BCG vaccine has gained attention due to its role in conferring protective immunity. We demonstrate the potential immunological protective mechanisms that play a role against COVID-19. We conduct a global assessment of the countries that have the highest and lowest mortality rates determined by an a priori methodology. Lastly, we discuss the potential limitations of incorporating BCG vaccines as potential strategies against COVID-19 and provide recommendations regarding their use in ongoing and future epidemics.
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