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Moral dilemmas and trust in leaders during a global health crisis. 2021
Jim A C Everett, and
Clara Colombatto, and
Edmond Awad, and
Paulo Boggio, and
Björn Bos, and
William J Brady, and
Megha Chawla, and
Vladimir Chituc, and
Dongil Chung, and
Moritz A Drupp, and
Srishti Goel, and
Brit Grosskopf, and
Frederik Hjorth, and
Alissa Ji, and
Caleb Kealoha, and
Judy S Kim, and
Yangfei Lin, and
Yina Ma, and
Michel André Maréchal, and
Federico Mancinelli, and
Christoph Mathys, and
Asmus L Olsen, and
Graeme Pearce, and
Annayah M B Prosser, and
Niv Reggev, and
Nicholas Sabin, and
Julien Senn, and
Yeon Soon Shin, and
Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, and
Hallgeir Sjåstad, and
Madelijn Strick, and
Sunhae Sul, and
Lars Tummers, and
Monique Turner, and
Hongbo Yu, and
Yoonseo Zoh, and
Molly J Crockett
School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Trust in leaders is central to citizen compliance with public policies. One potential determinant of trust is how leaders resolve conflicts between utilitarian and non-utilitarian ethical principles in moral dilemmas. Past research suggests that utilitarian responses to dilemmas can both erode and enhance trust in leaders: sacrificing some people to save many others ('instrumental harm') reduces trust, while maximizing the welfare of everyone equally ('impartial beneficence') may increase trust. In a multi-site experiment spanning 22 countries on six continents, participants (N = 23,929) completed self-report (N = 17,591) and behavioural (N = 12,638) measures of trust in leaders who endorsed utilitarian or non-utilitarian principles in dilemmas concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. Across both the self-report and behavioural measures, endorsement of instrumental harm decreased trust, while endorsement of impartial beneficence increased trust. These results show how support for different ethical principles can impact trust in leaders, and inform effective public communication during times of global crisis. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION STATEMENT: The Stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 13 November 2020. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13247315.v1 .
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