Biomaterial Database

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D in human milk: effects of supplementation and season. 1988

M Ala-Houhala, and T Koskinen, and M T Parviainen, and J K Visakorpi

Department of Pediatrics, University Central Hospital, Tampere, Finland.

Breast-milk 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-[OH]D) and vitamin D were measured in mothers supplemented with 2000 or 1000 IU (50 or 25 micrograms) of vitamin D/d or with no supplementation. Fore- and hindmilk samples were collected at two stages of lactation (8 and 15 or 20 wk after delivery) and at different seasons. Season affected the levels of 25-(OH)D and vitamin D. The 25-(OH)D levels were higher in hind- than in foremilk. Supplementation had no effect on vitamin D levels. Milk 25-(OH)D levels of mothers receiving either 1000 or 2000 IU (25 or 50 micrograms) vitamin D/d were significantly higher than those of unsupplemented mothers in February and April. In theory, supplementation with 2000 IU (50 micrograms) vitamin D should have increased the calculated antirachitic activity of the milk in winter to the levels of unsupplemented mothers in September; however, responses varied widely among individuals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008895	Milk, Human	Milk that is produced by HUMAN MAMMARY GLANDS.	Breast Milk,Human Milk,Milk, Breast
D001942	Breast Feeding	The nursing of an infant at the breast.	Breast Fed,Breastfed,Milk Sharing,Wet Nursing,Breast Feeding, Exclusive,Breastfeeding,Breastfeeding, Exclusive,Exclusive Breast Feeding,Exclusive Breastfeeding,Sharing, Milk
D002112	Calcifediol	The major circulating metabolite of VITAMIN D3. It is produced in the LIVER and is the best indicator of the body's vitamin D stores. It is effective in the treatment of RICKETS and OSTEOMALACIA, both in azotemic and non-azotemic patients. Calcifediol also has mineralizing properties.	25-Hydroxycholecalciferol,25-Hydroxyvitamin D 3,25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Monohydrate,25-Hydroxyvitamin D3,Calcidiol,Calcifediol Anhydrous,Calcifediol, (3 alpha,5Z,7E)-Isomer,Calcifediol, (3 beta,5E,7E)-Isomer,Calderol,Dedrogyl,Hidroferol,25 Hydroxycholecalciferol,25 Hydroxycholecalciferol Monohydrate,25 Hydroxyvitamin D 3,25 Hydroxyvitamin D3,Anhydrous, Calcifediol,Monohydrate, 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
D004032	Diet	Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal.	Diets
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006887	Hydroxycholecalciferols	Hydroxy analogs of vitamin D 3; (CHOLECALCIFEROL); including CALCIFEDIOL; CALCITRIOL; and 24,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 3.	Hydroxyvitamins D,Hydroxycholecalciferol
D012621	Seasons	Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Seasonal Variation,Season,Seasonal Variations,Variation, Seasonal,Variations, Seasonal
D014807	Vitamin D	A vitamin that includes both CHOLECALCIFEROLS and ERGOCALCIFEROLS, which have the common effect of preventing or curing RICKETS in animals. It can also be viewed as a hormone since it can be formed in SKIN by action of ULTRAVIOLET RAYS upon the precursors, 7-dehydrocholesterol and ERGOSTEROL, and acts on VITAMIN D RECEPTORS to regulate CALCIUM in opposition to PARATHYROID HORMONE.