Since its creation in 1945, Mother and Child Protection (PMI) has undergone many transformations. Initially, after the war, it was subject to the imperative need to offer children real protection, and then it was built up by reshaping its principles of action in line with the various social and economic contingencies. Linked to the notion of the child's needs, but also to the major idea of prevention, the PMI has never ceased to adjust to the profile of families in order to provide them with an appropriate response.