Biomaterial Database

Sex-related differences in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. 2021

Alberto Aimo, and Giorgia Panichella, and Andrea Barison, and Silvia Maffei, and Matteo Cameli, and Stefano Coiro, and Flavio D'Ascenzi, and Carlo Di Mario, and Riccardo Liga, and Rossella Marcucci, and Doralisa Morrone, and Iacopo Olivotto, and Isabella Tritto, and Michele Emdin

Istituto di Scienze della Vita, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy; Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: a.aimo@santannapisa.it.

The epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of myocardial infarction (MI) display significant differences between men and women. Prominent sex differences have also been suggested in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI. Ventricular remodeling refers to a deterioration of LV geometry and function often leading to heart failure (HF) development and an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Women have a lower propensity to the acquisition of a spherical geometry and LV dysfunction. These differences can be attributed at least partially to a lower frequency of transmural infarction and smaller areas of microvascular obstruction in women, as well as to a less prominent activation of neuroendocrine systems and apoptotic, inflammatory and profibrotic pathways in women. Estrogens might play a role in this difference, which could partially persist even after the menopause because of a persisting intramyocardial synthesis of estrogens in women. Conversely, androgens may exert a detrimental influence. Future studies should better clarify sex differences in the predictors, clinical correlates, prognostic impact and disease mechanisms of remodeling, as well as the existence of sex-specific therapeutic targets. This research effort should hopefully allow to optimize the treatment of MI during the acute and post-acute phase, possibly through different therapeutic strategies in men and women, with the goal of reducing the risk of HF development and improving patient outcome.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009203	Myocardial Infarction	NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	Cardiovascular Stroke,Heart Attack,Myocardial Infarct,Cardiovascular Strokes,Heart Attacks,Infarct, Myocardial,Infarction, Myocardial,Infarctions, Myocardial,Infarcts, Myocardial,Myocardial Infarctions,Myocardial Infarcts,Stroke, Cardiovascular,Strokes, Cardiovascular
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012727	Sex Characteristics	Those characteristics that distinguish one SEX from the other. The primary sex characteristics are the OVARIES and TESTES and their related hormones. Secondary sex characteristics are those which are masculine or feminine but not directly related to reproduction.	Gender Characteristics,Gender Differences,Gender Dimorphism,Sex Differences,Sex Dimorphism,Sexual Dichromatism,Sexual Dimorphism,Characteristic, Gender,Characteristic, Sex,Dichromatism, Sexual,Dichromatisms, Sexual,Difference, Sex,Dimorphism, Gender,Dimorphism, Sex,Dimorphism, Sexual,Gender Characteristic,Gender Difference,Gender Dimorphisms,Sex Characteristic,Sex Difference,Sex Dimorphisms,Sexual Dichromatisms,Sexual Dimorphisms
D016277	Ventricular Function, Left	The hemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the left HEART VENTRICLE. Its measurement is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease to determine the effects of the disease on cardiac performance.	Left Ventricular Function,Function, Left Ventricular,Functions, Left Ventricular,Left Ventricular Functions,Ventricular Functions, Left
D018487	Ventricular Dysfunction, Left	A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.	LV Diastolic Dysfunction,LV Dysfunction,LV Systolic Dysfunction,Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction,Left Ventricular Dysfunction,Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction,Diastolic Dysfunction, LV,Dysfunction, LV,Dysfunction, LV Diastolic,Dysfunction, LV Systolic,Dysfunction, Left Ventricular,LV Diastolic Dysfunctions,LV Dysfunctions,LV Systolic Dysfunctions,Left Ventricular Dysfunctions,Systolic Dysfunction, LV
D020257	Ventricular Remodeling	The geometric and structural changes that the HEART VENTRICLES undergo, usually following MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. It comprises expansion of the infarct and dilatation of the healthy ventricle segments. While most prevalent in the left ventricle, it can also occur in the right ventricle.	Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular,Left Ventricular Remodeling,Myocardial Remodeling, Ventricular,Left Ventricle Remodeling,Ventricle Remodeling,Cardiac Remodelings, Ventricular,Left Ventricle Remodelings,Left Ventricular Remodelings,Myocardial Remodelings, Ventricular,Remodeling, Left Ventricle,Remodeling, Left Ventricular,Remodeling, Ventricle,Remodeling, Ventricular,Remodeling, Ventricular Cardiac,Remodeling, Ventricular Myocardial,Remodelings, Left Ventricle,Remodelings, Left Ventricular,Remodelings, Ventricle,Remodelings, Ventricular,Remodelings, Ventricular Cardiac,Remodelings, Ventricular Myocardial,Ventricle Remodeling, Left,Ventricle Remodelings,Ventricle Remodelings, Left,Ventricular Cardiac Remodeling,Ventricular Cardiac Remodelings,Ventricular Myocardial Remodeling,Ventricular Myocardial Remodelings,Ventricular Remodeling, Left,Ventricular Remodelings,Ventricular Remodelings, Left