Antiviral activity of diallyl trisulfide against H9N2 avian influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo. 2021

Le Ming, and Zhihui Li, and Xiaofang Li, and Ling Tang, and Guimei He
Laboratory of Wildlife Epidemic Diseases, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, No. 3663, North Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai, China.

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a garlic-derived organosulfur compound. As it has been shown to have anti-viral activity, we hypothesized that it may alleviate infections caused by H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), which is prevalent in poultry with pandemic potential. Human lung A549 epithelial cells were treated with three different concentrations of DATS 24 h before (pre-treatment) or one hour after (post-treatment) H9N2 AIV infection. Culture supernatants were collected 24 h and 48 h post-infection and analyzed for viral titers and levels of inflammatory and anti-viral immune responses. For in vivo experiments, BABL/c mice were administered daily by intraperitoneal injection with DATS (30 mg/kg) for 2 weeks starting 1 day after H9N2 AIV infection. Clinical signs, lung pathology, and inflammatory and anti-viral immune responses were assessed 2, 4, and 6 days after infection. Both pre-treatment and post-treatment of A549 cells with DATS resulted in reduced viral loads, increased expression of anti-viral genes (RIG-I, IRF-3, and interferon-β), and decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). These effects were also observed in H9N2 AIV-infected mice treated with DATS. Such treatment also reduced lung edema and inflammation in mice. Results suggest that DATS has anti-viral activity against H9N2 AIV and may be used as an alternative treatment for influenza virus infection.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009976 Orthomyxoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. Orthomyxovirus Infections,Infections, Orthomyxoviridae,Infections, Orthomyxovirus,Swine Influenza,Infection, Orthomyxoviridae,Infection, Orthomyxovirus,Influenza, Swine,Orthomyxoviridae Infection,Orthomyxovirus Infection
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D005585 Influenza in Birds Infection of domestic and wild fowl and other BIRDS with INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Avian influenza usually does not sicken birds, but can be highly pathogenic and fatal in domestic POULTRY. Avian Flu,Avian Influenza,Fowl Plague,Influenza, Avian,Avian Influenzas,Flu, Avian,Influenza in Bird,Influenzas, Avian,Plague, Fowl
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072283 A549 Cells An immortalized cell line derived from human ADENOCARCINOMA, ALVEOLAR basal epithelial cells isolated from the lungs of a male patient in 1972. The cell line is positive for KERATIN, can synthesize LECITHIN, and contains high levels of POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS in its PLASMA MEMBRANE. It is used as a model for PULMONARY ALVEOLI function and virus infections, as a TRANSFECTION host, and for PRECLINICAL DRUG EVALUATION. A549 Cell Line,A549 Cell,A549 Cell Lines,Cell Line, A549,Cell Lines, A549,Cell, A549,Cells, A549
D000498 Allyl Compounds Alkenes with the general formula H2C Compounds, Allyl
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000998 Antiviral Agents Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly. Antiviral,Antiviral Agent,Antiviral Drug,Antivirals,Antiviral Drugs,Agent, Antiviral,Agents, Antiviral,Drug, Antiviral,Drugs, Antiviral
D013440 Sulfides Chemical groups containing the covalent sulfur bonds -S-. The sulfur atom can be bound to inorganic or organic moieties. Sulfide,Thioether,Thioethers,Sulfur Ethers,Ethers, Sulfur
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus

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